Difference between pages "GNOME First Steps" and "Flavors and Mix-ins/pt-br"

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=== What is GNOME? ===
== Flavors (Sabores) ==


"GNOME 3 is an easy and elegant way to use your computer. It is designed to put you in control and bring freedom to everybody. GNOME 3 is developed by the GNOME community, a diverse, international group of contributors that is supported by an independent, non-profit foundation." — [http://gnome.org GNOME]
Um sistema pode possuir somente um flavor profile habilitado de cada vez. Os flavors a seguir estão disponíveis:


=== Prerequisites ===
;minimal: Esse flavor define o flavor mínimo possível. Ele atualmente contem somente padrões para todos os flavors do Funtoo Linux flavors.


==== From a Clean Install ====
;core: O core flavor é o minimal flavor mais as opções de USE razoáveis, e é utilizado para os builds do stage3.


Ensure that the [[X Window System]] is installed.
;server: O server flavor é destinado para servidores, mas desta vez somente para rastrear core.


=== Preparing to emerge ===
;workstation: O workstation flavor é um sistema desktop mínimo. Ele inclui o core flavor mais esses mix-ins: '''X''', '''audio''', '''dvd''', '''media''', '''console-extras'''


To get your system ready to emerge gnome, first set your system flavor to desktop, and enable the gnome profile mix-in. To accomplish this, do the following:
;desktop: O desktop flavor é um sistema desktop completo de recursos, menos ambiente desktop (adicione KDE, GNOME ou XFCE como um mix-in.) Ele inclui o '''workstation''' flavor mais '''printing''' support.
{{console|recipe=setup,setup-light|desc=Set profile|body=
# ##i##eselect profile set-flavor funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/flavor/desktop
# ##i##eselect profile add funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/gnome
}}


By enabling the gnome mix-in, various USE and other settings will be optimized to provide you with a pain-free GNOME installation experience.
== Mix-ins ==


=== Emerging ===
Um sistema pode ter quaisquer número de mix-ins habilitados de cada vês. Os mix-ins a seguir estão disponíveis:


You are provided with two packages that will pull in this desktop environment:
;audio: Habilita as configurações do núcleo (core) relacionadas a áudio, atualmente relacionadas ao ALSA.


* ''gnome''
;console-extras: Habilita coisas que são boas de ter para sistemas de somente console (console-only systems). Atualmente habilitando gpm em USE.


{{fancynote|This is the "whole shabang" - pulls in a range of applications made for the gnome desktop environment including a few games, an archive manager, a system monitor, a web browser, a terminal, etc.}}
;dvd: Configurações USE relacionadas a drives óticos -- Uso de CDR/DVD-ROM/RW.


* ''gnome-light''
;gnome: Configurações do USE e do package.use necessárias para instalar e utilizar (merge) o GNOME.


{{fancynote|As the name implies, this pulls in the base minimal you need to get a functioning GNOME Desktop Environment.}}
;hardened: Habilita suporte hardened.


==== GNOME 3.14 from a clean install ====
;kde: Configurações de USE e de package.use necessárias para instalar e utilizar (merge) o KDE.


===== gnome =====
;media: USE settings related to audio/video media encoding. Can be for desktops or servers.


To emerge ''gnome'' run the following command
;print: Habilita a capacidade de impressão (printing).


{{console|desc=Emerging GNOME|body=
;rhel5-compat: Configurações necessárias para a execução de um sistema que utiliza um kernel baseado no Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5-based kernel.
# ##i## emerge gnome
}}


===== gnome-light =====
;vmware-guest: Configurações relacionadas ao uso do Funtoo Linux como um convidado (guest) na máquina virtual VMWare.


To emerge ''gnome-light'' run the following command
;X: Configurações relacionadas ao sistema X Window e ao suporte a hardware.


{{console|recipe=setup-light|desc=Emerging a minimal GNOME environment (alternative)|body=
;xfce: Configurações USE necessárias para instalação e utilização (merging) do XFCE.
# ##i## emerge gnome-light
}}


==== Upgrading from GNOME 3.12 ====
[[Category:Portage]]
 
[[Category:Funtoo features]]
To update either ''gnome'' or ''gnome-light'' run the following command:
 
{{console|body=
# ##i## emerge -vauDN world
}}
=== Subsystems ===
 
==== Bluetooth ====
 
For bluetooth support, ensure that:
 
# Bluetooth support is enabled in your kernel (using modules is fine).
# Your bluetooth hardware is turned on.
# Add the <code>bluetooth</code> startup script to the default runlevel, and start it.
 
This can be done as follows:
 
<console>
# ##i##rc-update add bluetooth default
# ##i##rc
</console>
 
Once this is done, you should now be able to navigate to ''Settings'' -> ''Bluetooth'' and turn bluetooth on. The icon next to devices should now animate and you should be able to discover and add devices such as keyboards.
 
{{Note|1=
Additional kernel drivers may need to be enabled for certain input devices. For example, for the bluetooth Apple Magic Trackpad, the following option must be enabled in your kernel:
 
{{kernelop|title=Device Drivers,HID support,HID bus support,Special HID drivers|desc=
<M> Apple Magic Mouse/Trackpad multi-touch support
}}}}
 
==== Printing ====
 
To enable printing support, add <code>cupsd</code> to the default runlevel:
 
<console>
# ##i##rc-update add cupsd default
# ##i##rc
</console>
 
You should now be able to navigate to ''Settings'' -> ''Printers'' and add printers to your system, and print.
 
==== Scanning ====
 
To enable scanning support, add your user account to the <code>lp</code> group. This will allow your user to access the USB scanner.
 
Then, <code>emerge xsane</code>, and run it. It should be able to access your scanner.
 
=== Finishing Touches ===
 
==== X ====
 
===== Setting up xdm (GUI log-in) =====
 
Typically, you will want to use <code>gdm</code>, the GNOME display manager, to log in to GNOME. This will allow you to log in graphically, rather than using the text console.
 
To enable gdm, edit <code>/etc/conf.d/xdm</code> and set <code>DISPLAYMANAGER</code> to <code>gdm</code> instead of <code>xdm</code>. Then, perform the following steps to add <code>xdm</code> to the default runlevel, and have it start automatically from now on when your system starts:
 
{{Note|Funtoo's <code>/etc/init.d/xdm</code> initscript has been modified to start the requisite services <code>dbus</code>, <code>openrc-settingsd</code> and <code>consolekit</code> prior to starting <code>gdm</code>.}}
 
{{console|recipe=setup|desc=Enable the GNOME display manager|body=
# ##i## rc-update add xdm default
}}
 
Then, if you want to start it now do:
 
{{console|body=
# ##i##rc
}}
 
But you should reboot to avoid having an open login terminal.
 
===== Setting up xinitrc (text log-in) =====
 
Adding the following to your <code>~/.xinitrc</code> file is sufficient:
 
<pre>
# Fix Missing Applications in Gnome
export XDG_MENU_PREFIX=gnome-
 
# Properly Launch the Desired X Session
exec ck-launch-session gnome-session
</pre>
 
Additionaly, if you need support for different input sources, there is no longer a need to configure IBus or SCIM in your <code>.xinitrc</code> file as GNOME uses IBus natively. Simply configure it in the Control Center under Region & Language.
 
=== Automatically Starting Applications at Login ===
 
When using an old-fashioned <code>.xinitrc</code>, starting up applications when X starts is relatively easy. When using GDM, this can still be accomplished, by using the <code>~/.xprofile</code> file. Here's my sample <code>.xprofile</code> to start <code>xflux</code> to dim the screen at night:
 
<pre>
xflux -z 87107
</pre>
 
{{Note|Remember to add a <code>&</code> at the end of any command that doesn't return to the shell prompt after running.}}
 
=== games ===
Gnome has several games that can be added on to your install.  By default most games are not included in gnome's emerge.
 
Users wishing to play games need to be added to the games group:
{{console|body=###i## gpasswd -a $USER games}}
 
game list:
;gnome-sudoku
;gnome-mastermind
;gnome-nibbles
;gnome-robots
;gnome-chess
;gnome-hearts
;gnome-mahjongg
;gnome-mines
;gnome-klotski
;gnome-tetravex
 
game system emulators:
 
;gnomeboyadvance
;gnome-mud
 
=== Significant Known Issues (Workarounds Available) ===
 
[https://bugs.funtoo.org/browse/FL-1678 FL-1678]: Bluetooth interface gives wrong pairing key
 
[https://bugs.funtoo.org/browse/FL-1687 FL-1687]: Wallpaper corruption when resuming from suspend
 
[[Category:Desktop]]
[[Category:First Steps]]
[[Category:Official Documentation]]

Revision as of 20:19, March 25, 2015

Flavors (Sabores)

Um sistema pode possuir somente um flavor profile habilitado de cada vez. Os flavors a seguir estão disponíveis:

minimal
Esse flavor define o flavor mínimo possível. Ele atualmente contem somente padrões para todos os flavors do Funtoo Linux flavors.
core
O core flavor é o minimal flavor mais as opções de USE razoáveis, e é utilizado para os builds do stage3.
server
O server flavor é destinado para servidores, mas desta vez somente para rastrear core.
workstation
O workstation flavor é um sistema desktop mínimo. Ele inclui o core flavor mais esses mix-ins: X, audio, dvd, media, console-extras
desktop
O desktop flavor é um sistema desktop completo de recursos, menos ambiente desktop (adicione KDE, GNOME ou XFCE como um mix-in.) Ele inclui o workstation flavor mais printing support.

Mix-ins

Um sistema pode ter quaisquer número de mix-ins habilitados de cada vês. Os mix-ins a seguir estão disponíveis:

audio
Habilita as configurações do núcleo (core) relacionadas a áudio, atualmente relacionadas ao ALSA.
console-extras
Habilita coisas que são boas de ter para sistemas de somente console (console-only systems). Atualmente habilitando gpm em USE.
dvd
Configurações USE relacionadas a drives óticos -- Uso de CDR/DVD-ROM/RW.
gnome
Configurações do USE e do package.use necessárias para instalar e utilizar (merge) o GNOME.
hardened
Habilita suporte hardened.
kde
Configurações de USE e de package.use necessárias para instalar e utilizar (merge) o KDE.
media
USE settings related to audio/video media encoding. Can be for desktops or servers.
print
Habilita a capacidade de impressão (printing).
rhel5-compat
Configurações necessárias para a execução de um sistema que utiliza um kernel baseado no Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5-based kernel.
vmware-guest
Configurações relacionadas ao uso do Funtoo Linux como um convidado (guest) na máquina virtual VMWare.
X
Configurações relacionadas ao sistema X Window e ao suporte a hardware.
xfce
Configurações USE necessárias para instalação e utilização (merging) do XFCE.