View source for User:Pnoecker/legacy install

This howto describes how to setup a generic legacy method install. It is a standalone installation walk through, loosely based on the official installations finished product.  This install will support both BIOS mode, and uEFI mode simultaneously.

{{warning| You may try this installation method at your own risk! Please note: this guide is outside of the official installation documentation, and cannot be supported. If you choose to use this, we assume you know what you are doing, and you are on your own!}}

== Prepare the hard drive, and partitions ==
*Before you begin, make sure you are partitioning the correct drive. For the rest of this tutorial, we will be using /dev/sdX as a placeholder.
{{console|body=
###i## lsblk
\#NAME          MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
\#sda             8:0    0  1.8T  0 disk 
\#├─sdX1          8:1    0    1M  0 bios_boot
\#├─sdX2          8:2    0    8G  0 esp      /efi
\#└─sdX3          8:3    0  1.8T  0 part 
\#  ├─main-boot 254:0    0  500G  0 lvm  /boot
\#  ├─main-swap 254:0    0  500G  0 lvm  [swap]
\#  ├─main-root 254:0    0  500G  0 lvm  /
}}

=== link your drive to /dev/sdX ===
to make following this guide easier you can set udev rules and link the drive you're installing to /dev/sdX so everything is copy paste.  just replace the kernel's == sda/mmc/nvme to match your target drive.
*hda/sda drives:
{{console|body=
###i## echo 'KERNEL=="sda*", SYMLINK+="sdX%n"' > /etc/udev/rules.d/01-funtoo.rules
###i## udevadm control --reload-rules
###i## udevadm trigger
}}

*mmc/nvme drives:
{{console|body=
###i## echo 'KERNEL=="mmcblk0", SYMLINK+="sdX"' > /etc/udev/rules.d/01-funtoo.rules
###i## echo 'KERNEL=="mmcblk0p*", SYMLINK+="sdX%n"' >> /etc/udev/rules.d/01-funtoo.rules
###i## udevadm control --reload-rules
###i## udevadm trigger
}}

*verify linking
{{console|body=
###i## ls -al /dev/sdX*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3 Jul 31 14:00 /dev/sdX -> sde
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 Jul 31 14:00 /dev/sdX1 -> sde1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 Jul 31 14:00 /dev/sdX2 -> sde2
}}

==Partition==
=== GPT Partitioning ===
{{console|body=###i## gdisk /dev/sdX}}

Within {{c|gdisk}}, follow these steps:

'''Empty the partition table''':
{{console|body=
Command: ##i##o ↵
This option deletes all partitions and creates a new protective MBR.
Proceed? (Y/N): ##i##y ↵
}}

'''Create bios boot partition''':

{{console|body=
Command: ##i##n ↵
Partition Number: ##i##1 ↵
First sector: ##i##↵
Last sector: ##i##+1M ↵
Hex Code: ##i##EF02 ↵
}}

'''Create efi esp partition''':

{{console|body=
Command: ##i##n ↵
Partition Number: ##i##2 ↵
First sector: ##i##↵
Last sector: ##i##+64M ↵
Hex Code: ##i##EF00 ↵
}}

'''Create partition which will be our swap partition''':

{{console|body=
Command: ##i##n ↵
Partition Number: ##i##3 ↵
First sector: ##i##↵
Last sector: ##i##+2G ↵##!i## (for 2gb of swap, you may change this)
Hex Code: ##i##8200 ↵
}}

'''Create partition which will be our root'''
{{console|body=
Command: ##i##n ↵
Partition Number: ##i##4 ↵
First sector: ##i##↵
Last sector: ##i##↵##!i## (for the rest of the disk space)
Hex Code: ##i## ↵
}}

'''Write Partition Table To Disk''':

{{console|body=
Command: ##i##w ↵
Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): ##i##Y ↵
}}
The partition table will now be written to the disk and {{c|gdisk}} will close.

==Create and mount filesystems.==
'''Create esp filesystem '''

{{console|body=# ##i##mkfs.vfat -F 32 /dev/sdX2}}

*label esp system for fstab later on:
{{console|body=# ##i##fatlabel /dev/sdX2 "EFI"}}

'''Create swap & root filesystem'''
*swap:
{{console|body=# ##i##mkswap /dev/sdX3}}
{{console|body=# ##i##swaplabel -L SWAP /dev/sdX3}}
{{console|body=# ##i##swapon /dev/sdX3}}
*for ext4:
{{console|body=# ##i##mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdX4}}
{{console|body=# ##i##e2label /dev/sdX4 "ROOT"}}
*for xfs:
{{console|body=# ##i##mkfs.xfs /dev/sdX4}}
{{console|body=# ##i##xfs_admin -L "ROOT" /dev/sdX4}}

'''Create directories for chroot'''
{{console|body=# ##i##mkdir -p /mnt/funtoo}}

==Mount filesystems==
{{console|body=# ##i##mount /dev/sdX4 /mnt/funtoo}}

==Set the date==
{{Note|See the official Funtoo docs on [https://www.funtoo.org/Install/Setting_the_Date setting the date].}}

==Install the Funtoo starge tarball of your choice==
{{Note|These instructions will be using the ''generic64 next'' minimal stage3. You should adjust them accordingly.}}
*[[Generic_64]]
or a stage more closely aligned to your hardware:
*[[Subarches]]
or funtoo from scratch generated stages:
*[https://area31.host.funtoo.org/ffs/stages/ FFS BRUH]

{{console|body=# ##i##cd /mnt/funtoo}}
{{console|body=# ##i##wget https://build.funtoo.org/next/x86-64bit/generic_64/2022-09-13/stage3-generic_64-next-2022-09-13.tar.xz}}
{{console|body=# ##i##tar --numeric-owner --xattrs --xattrs-include='*' -xpf *stage3*.tar.xz && rm -f *stage3*.tar.xz}}

==Chroot into your new system==
===Traditional Method===
{{console|body=# ##i##mount -t proc none /mnt/funtoo/proc}}
{{console|body=# ##i##mount --rbind /dev /mnt/funtoo/dev}}
{{console|body=# ##i##mount --rbind /sys /mnt/funtoo/sys}}
{{console|body=# ##i##env -i HOME=/root TERM=$TERM $(which chroot) /mnt/funtoo /bin/bash -l}}

===Fchroot Method===
{{console|body=# ##i##fchroot .}}

==Configure your system==
'''Set a new root password'''
{{console|body=# ##i##passwd}}

'''Set hostname'''
{{console|body=# ##i##echo 'hostname="NewFuntooInstall"' > /etc/conf.d/hostname}}

'''Set up DNS resolution'''
{{Note|We are using the Cloudflare DNS server address here. Feel free to use your own.}}
{{console|body=# ##i##echo "nameserver 1.1.1.1" > /etc/resolv.conf}}

'''Set your timezone'''
{{console|body=# ##i##ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/$(tzselect) /etc/localtime}}

'''Note your filesystem information'''
{{console|body=# ##i##blkid}}
{{console|body=
/dev/sdX2: UUID="6453-0C55" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="efi" PARTUUID="4e195c4b-f88c-4205-b9df-79a879704b2f"
/dev/sdX3: UUID="aafe709b-82e7-448f-a2cb-36adc3787dc3" TYPE="crypto_LUKS" PARTLABEL="system" PARTUUID="93d0cf9b-0b95-4d8b-919f-48cd1774996f"
/dev/mapper/root: UUID="hvz79n-I2VE-nR1c-0hDQ-PVkR-3GRb-rnuJ9C" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/mapper/vg-swap: UUID="a9188bc3-7def-422b-990d-9de431825779" TYPE="swap"
/dev/mapper/vg-root: UUID="2eaf45e6-d33b-4155-b4ca-63a2fdbfb896" TYPE="ext4"}}

'''Configure /etc/fstab'''
{{note|this example uses xfs}}
{{console|body=# ##i##cat > /etc/fstab << 'EOF'
LABEL=SWAP none swap sw 0 0
LABEL=ROOT / xfs noatime,nodiratime,defaults 0 1
tmpfs /var/tmp/portage tmpfs uid=portage,gid=portage,mode=775,noatime 0 0
LABEL=EFI /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1
EOF}}

'''compile in ram:'''
{{console|body=
###i## mkdir /var/tmp/portage
###i## chown portage:portage /var/tmp/portage
###i## mount /var/tmp/portage
}}

'''or exclude compiling in ram if your machine's not powerful enough:'''
{{console|body=
###i## umount /var/tmp/portage
}}

==Portage==
'''Download the portage tree'''
{{console|body=# ##i##ego sync}}

'''Optionally add mix-ins at this point'''
{{console|body=# ##i##epro mix-in xfce}}

'''Edit package USE-flags to enable AMD microcode'''
{{console|body=# ##i##cat > /etc/portage/package.use <<'EOF'
sys-kernel/linux-firmware initramfs
EOF}}

'''Install necessary packages'''
{{console|body=# ##i##emerge grub haveged intel-microcode linux-firmware iucode_tool shim mokutil}}

'''Optionally update the entire system as much as possible'''
{{note|This can be done later, and is not required for initial setup.}}
{{console|body=# ##i## emerge --keep-going -avuND @world}}

*for stage3 container or virtual machine generic network setup without network manager (desktop stages can skip this)
{{console|body=# ##i## echo 'config_eth0="dhcp"' >> /etc/conf.d/net
# ##i## ln -s /etc/init.d/net.lo /etc/init.d/net.eth0
# ##i## rc-update add dhcpcd
# ##i## rc-update add net.eth0}}

'''Configure services to start at boot'''
{{console|body=# ##i##rc-update add haveged default}}
{{console|body=# ##i##rc-update add busybox-ntpd default}}

==Install a bootloader==
'''Install GRUB'''
====For BIOS systems & UEFI legacy mode support====

{{console|body=# ##i##grub-install --target=i386-pc --no-floppy /dev/sdX}}

====For UEFI systems====
{{console|body=# ##i##mount -o remount,rw /sys/firmware/efi/efivars}}
{{note|If you boot in legacy mode you can ignore the warning of this directory not being present.  We can repair this later.}}

==Install grub & shim==

*load efi directory:
{{console|body=
###i## mkdir /boot/efi
###i## mount /boot/efi
}}

*generate a sbat file to install with grub:
{{console|body=
###i## cat > /usr/share/grub/sbat.csv << EOF
sbat,1,SBAT Version,sbat,1,https://github.com/rhboot/shim/blob/main/SBAT.md
grub,1,Free Software Foundation,grub,2.06,https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/
EOF
}}

===64bit systems===
*For usb keys, removable drives, and legacy mode uefi install:
{{console|body=# ##i##grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --sbat /usr/share/grub/sbat.csv --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id="BOOT" --no-nvram --recheck /dev/sdX}}

{{console|body=
###i## cp /usr/share/shim/BOOTX64.EFI /usr/share/shim/mmx64.efi /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT
}}

*For complete install with uefi entries:
{{console|body=# ##i##grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --sbat /usr/share/grub/sbat.csv --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id="Funtoo" --recheck /dev/sdX}}

{{console|body=
###i## cp /usr/share/shim/BOOTX64.EFI /usr/share/shim/mmx64.efi /boot/efi/EFI/Funtoo
}}

===32bit systems===
*For usb keys, removable drives, and legacy mode uefi install:
{{console|body=# ##i##grub-install --target=i386-efi --sbat /usr/share/grub/sbat.csv --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id="BOOT" --no-nvram --recheck /dev/sdX}}

{{console|body=
###i## cp /usr/share/shim/BOOTIA32.EFI /usr/share/shim/mmia32.efi /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT
}}

*For full install with uefi entries:
{{console|body=# ##i##grub-install --target=i386-efi --sbat /usr/share/grub/sbat.csv --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id="Funtoo" --recheck /dev/sdX}}

{{console|body=
###i## cp /usr/share/shim/BOOTIA32.EFI /usr/share/shim/mmia32.efi /boot/efi/EFI/Funtoo
}}

====Generate Grub menu====
{{console|body=# ##i##ego boot update}}

==Finishing installation==
From this point, you should be able to finish following the [https://www.funtoo.org/Install/Network official Funtoo Linux install instructions]

==Rechroot==
In the event of build failure, to rechroot requires unlocking the root, re-mounting, and re-chroot.
{{console|body=
###i## mount /dev/mapper/vg-root /mnt/funtoo && mount /dev/mapper/vg-boot /mnt/funtoo/boot
###i## cd /mnt/funtoo
###i## fchroot .
}}

== Additional links and information ==
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_volume_management Wikipedia article on LVM]

[[Category:HOWTO]]