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Difference between revisions of "Package:Portage (Funtoo)"

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(Integrated http://www.funtoo.org/Repository_Configuration with this page, per a request in FL-1923.)
 
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|Summary=This is the official package manager/ports system for Funtoo Linux.
|Summary=This is the official package manager/ports system for Funtoo Linux.
|CatPkg=sys-apps/portage
|CatPkg=sys-apps/portage
|Maintainer=Drobbins, Mgorny, Oleg
|Maintainer=Drobbins, Oleg
|Repository=Funtoo Overlay
|Repository=Funtoo Overlay
}}
}}
== Introduction ==
=== Introduction ===


[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portage_(software) Portage] is the official package manager of Funtoo Linux. Daniel Robbins maintains a slightly different version from upstream Gentoo Linux, with support for mini-manifests and other features.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portage_(software) Portage] is the official package manager of Funtoo Linux. Historically, Daniel Robbins has maintained a slightly modified version of Portage, although now many of the features pioneered in this version of Portage has been merged upstream by Zac Medico. Funtoo has recently started using an unmodified upstream Gentoo version of Portage. Funtoo's 2.4.1 Portage is equivalent to the upstream 2.2.26 version of Portage -- Funtoo has used different version numbers for historical reasons.


== Portage Commands ==
=== Portage Commands ===


; [[emerge]]
{{TableStart}}
: high-level dependency-based package merge/unmerge tool
{{2ColHead|Command|Description}}
; [[ebuild]]
{{2Col|{{c|[[emerge]]}}|high-level dependency-based package merge/unmerge tool}}
: lower-level package build tool
{{2Col|{{c|[[ebuild]]}}|lower-level package build tool}}
{{2Col|{{c|etc-update}}|Original tool to manage updates to /etc configuration files.}}
{{2Col|{{c|dispatch-conf}}|Newer tool to manage updates to /etc configuration files.}}
{{TableEnd}}


;{{c|etc-update}}
=== Portage Specifications ===
;{{c|dispatch-conf}}
:tools to manage /etc/configurations
 
== Portage Specifications ==


The latest progress and changes related to EAPI/PMS and Portage can often be found in the Gentoo Council meeting logs, which are listed on the [https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Project:Council Gentoo Council page].
The latest progress and changes related to EAPI/PMS and Portage can often be found in the Gentoo Council meeting logs, which are listed on the [https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Project:Council Gentoo Council page].
Line 26: Line 25:
The latest PMS specification to be approved by the Gentoo Council is available: [http://dev.gentoo.org/~ulm/pms/5/pms.pdf eapi-5-approved-2012-09-20]. The PMS specification is an attempt to codify the inner workings of Portage, and is authored by Stephen Bennett, Christian Faulhammer, Ciaran McCreesh and Ulrich Müller as a Gentoo-hosted project.
The latest PMS specification to be approved by the Gentoo Council is available: [http://dev.gentoo.org/~ulm/pms/5/pms.pdf eapi-5-approved-2012-09-20]. The PMS specification is an attempt to codify the inner workings of Portage, and is authored by Stephen Bennett, Christian Faulhammer, Ciaran McCreesh and Ulrich Müller as a Gentoo-hosted project.


== Portage Profiles ==
=== Portage Profiles ===


Portage uses [[Portage Profiles|profiles]] to define settings for various architectures and types of Funtoo/Gentoo systems. See the [[Portage Profiles]] page for detailed information on how Portage handles profiles. Look at [[Creating_Profiles]] to learn how to create them and at [[Funtoo_1.0_Profile]] to learn about the Funtoo 1.0 profile.
Portage uses [[Portage Profiles|profiles]] to define settings for various architectures and types of Funtoo/Gentoo systems. See the [[Portage Profiles]] page for detailed information on how Portage handles profiles. Look at [[Creating_Profiles]] to learn how to create them and at [[Funtoo_1.0_Profile]] to learn about the Funtoo 1.0 profile.


==Portage Variables ==
===Portage Variables ===


Portage's behavior can be controlled by a number of configuration settings other variables that can be defined within the ebuild itself. In addition, a number of these variables are defined for the ebuild automatically by Portage. These variables are now documented on their own page: [[Portage Variables]].
Portage's behavior can be controlled by a number of configuration settings other variables that can be defined within the ebuild itself. In addition, a number of these variables are defined for the ebuild automatically by Portage. These variables are now documented on their own page: [[Portage Variables]].
== Multiple ABI Support ==
=== Multiple ABI Support ===


Portage contains support for multiple ABIs (Application Binary Interfaces) co-existing on the same system. This functionality has been extensively documented and has been moved to its own page: [[Multiple ABI Support]].
Portage contains support for multiple ABIs (Application Binary Interfaces) co-existing on the same system. This functionality has been extensively documented and has been moved to its own page: [[Multiple ABI Support]].


== Ebuild Functions ==
=== Ebuild Functions ===


An ebuild developer has the ability to define [[Ebuild Functions]] that define steps to perform during a particular part of the ebuild lifecycle. These steps are now documented on their own page: [[Ebuild Functions]].
An ebuild developer has the ability to define [[Ebuild Functions]] that define steps to perform during a particular part of the ebuild lifecycle. These steps are now documented on their own page: [[Ebuild Functions]].


== Funtoo Portage Development ==
=== Funtoo Portage Development ===


The Funtoo Core Team is currently working on a general-purpose plug-in system so that the GNU info file regeneration, news update display, and scanning of files that need updating in /etc can be pulled out of the official Portage emerge code. In addition, this plug-in system will allow other types of things to be hooked into various phases of emerge. This will allow various new plug-ins to be developed and used on systems, such as periodic security checks, etc.
The Funtoo Core Team is currently working on a general-purpose plug-in system so that the GNU info file regeneration, news update display, and scanning of files that need updating in /etc can be pulled out of the official Portage emerge code. In addition, this plug-in system will allow other types of things to be hooked into various phases of emerge. This will allow various new plug-ins to be developed and used on systems, such as periodic security checks, etc.


== Portage Logs ==
=== Portage Logs ===
Logs of portage actions can be found at <code>/var/log/emerge.log</code> & <code>/var/log/portage/elog/summary.log-(date the log is generated)</code>
Logs of portage actions can be found at <code>/var/log/emerge.log</code> & <code>/var/log/portage/elog/summary.log-(date the log is generated)</code>


== TODO ==
=== TODO ===


Add support to portage, so that when an ebuild is merged, the /var/db/pkg entry contains a list of all currently-installed versions of all ebuilds upon which that ebuild RDEPENDs. This, combined with a comprehensive set of past USE settings (may need to implement this too,) can be used to detect when an ebuild needs to be rebuilt. This could help to address issues like those in [http://bugs.gentoo.org/167662 Gentoo Bug 167662] and allow easier implementation of support for things like perl-cleaner. Currently, perl-cleaner doesn't detect that vim uses perl and moving from -ithreads to ithreads causes vim to die, so it needs to be manually rebuilt.
Add support to portage, so that when an ebuild is merged, the /var/db/pkg entry contains a list of all currently-installed versions of all ebuilds upon which that ebuild RDEPENDs. This, combined with a comprehensive set of past USE settings (may need to implement this too,) can be used to detect when an ebuild needs to be rebuilt. This could help to address issues like those in [http://bugs.gentoo.org/167662 Gentoo Bug 167662] and allow easier implementation of support for things like perl-cleaner. Currently, perl-cleaner doesn't detect that vim uses perl and moving from -ithreads to ithreads causes vim to die, so it needs to be manually rebuilt.
Line 54: Line 53:
Add support for portage to understand which version of a particular app is the "active" version that it was built against, and record this information in /var/db/pkg. This can help to implement perl-cleaner-like support in Portage.
Add support for portage to understand which version of a particular app is the "active" version that it was built against, and record this information in /var/db/pkg. This can help to implement perl-cleaner-like support in Portage.


== Funtoo Features/Changes ==
=== Funtoo Features/Changes ===
 
=== In Funtoo stable/current Portage ===
 
==== emerge --sync from git ====
If a git-based Portage tree is already in place, <tt>emerge --sync</tt> will run "git pull" to update the underlying Portage tree. If one is not in place, the contents of the SYNC variable will be used as the remote URI from which to clone a git tree (2.2). In addition, SYNC_USER and SYNC_UMASK (defaulting to root and 022) can be used to define the user account to use for cloning/syncing, as well as the umask to use. (2.2).
 
==== Sed Wrapper Symlink and PATH fix ====
The Funtoo version of Portage has replaced the BSD-only sed wrapper with a symlink. This will eventually be deprecated. The sed wrapper was a way to provide BSD systems with a "sed" command that could be used inside ebuilds that worked similarly to GNU sed. A PATH fix has been applied so that /bin/sed will be detected first anyway.
 
==== mini-manifest ====
Funtoo's Portage supports a special mode of operation where Manifests only contain digests for distfiles and not for files in the Portage tree. This is to eliminate redundant digests since git already provides SHA1 digests. This feature is currently enabled by adding "mini-manifest" to FEATURES in /etc/make.conf but the intention is to eventually move it to a repo-specific option (note: this has now been done, as "thin-manifest" functionality has been integrated into recent versions of Portage, and is being beta tested in Funtoo.) Funtoo provides a special "mini-manifest" tree that is smaller than the full-size Portage tree, and is intended to be used with the mini-manifest feature.
 
==== preserve bindist through USE filtering ====
Normally, anything not in an ebuild's IUSE is stripped from the USE passed to ebuild.sh. This patch allows "bindist" to not be stripped, so it can be used as a means to disable pre-merge sanity checks that may exist in pkg_setup() and pkg_pretend() but will not otherwise affect the resultant build. If "bindist" will affect some functionality in the package, then it should be added to an ebuild's IUSE. This patch allows pkg_setup() and pkg_pretend() to look for "bindist", which indicates that the ebuild is being built for release, typically in an automated fashion, and thus runtime sanity checks that might otherwise run can be optionally skipped. This check is used by the udev-160-r1.ebuild to see if we should fail if we are merging udev on a system where the kernel will not support it. In Metro, this is not a big deal, but on a ''real'' production system, merging the udev on an incompatible system will render the kernel inoperable.
 
==== safetydance FEATURE ====
A new FEATURE setting is used by Funtoo's udev ebuild called "safetydance" which can be used to manually bypass sanity checks. This is an alternative to the "bindist" approach above. udev-160 in Funtoo Linux supports both approaches and Metro sets "safetydance" by default.
 
==== GLEP 55 removal ====
Some code to support GLEP 55 has been removed.
 
==== new metadata format (experimental) ====
Some tweaks to ebuild.sh have been made so that it is easier to support new metadata formats in the future.
 
==== xz-utils auto-dependency ====
There are several ebuilds in the Gentoo Portage repository that use .xz files but do not explicitly depend on xz-utils. A workaround has been added to ebuild.sh to add this dependency to metadata automatically if a .xz file exists in SRC_URI. This change is not yet in the official Portage sources but is being used on the Funtoo side when generating our git-based Portage trees.
 
=== In current development version (2.3.8) ===
 
==== emerge-webrsync removed ====
Gentoo Portage supports already tree syncing method via downloading a .tar.bz2 file containing all the ebuilds. Funtoo supports git syncing only, so the relevant code is removed.
 
==== SYNC_UMASK, SYNC_USER support ====
SYNC_USER and SYNC_UMASK can be used to define the user account to use for cloning/syncing, as well as the umask to use.
 
==== pwconv & grpconv are run after emerge ====
Portage runs pwconv & grpconv post-emerge to ensure /etc/shadow and /etc/gshadow are valid.


==== preserve bindist through USE filtering ====
{{Note|Many of these features have been merged into Gentoo's upstream Portage.}}
Normally, anything not in an ebuild's IUSE is stripped from the USE passed to ebuild.sh. This patch allows "bindist" to not be stripped, so it can be used as a means to disable pre-merge sanity checks that may exist in pkg_setup() and pkg_pretend() but will not otherwise affect the resultant build. If "bindist" will affect some functionality in the package, then it should be added to an ebuild's IUSE. This patch allows pkg_setup() and pkg_pretend() to look for "bindist", which indicates that the ebuild is being built for release, typically in an automated fashion, and thus runtime sanity checks that might otherwise run can be optionally skipped. This check is used by the udev-160-r1.ebuild to see if we should fail if we are merging udev on a system where the kernel will not support it. In Metro, this is not a big deal, but on a ''real'' production system, merging the udev on an incompatible system will render the kernel inoperable.


==== Dynamic SLOT support re-enabled ====
==== In Funtoo stable/current Portage ====
The ebuilds are allowed to change their SLOT value during build.


==== Changes to repository configuration ====
;emerge --sync from git
Starting with Portage-2.3.8, a switch to a new repository configuration framework is complete and users may want to update their configuration files. This document aims to describe the goals for the new framework and how to use it.
:If a git-based Portage tree is already in place, <tt>emerge --sync</tt> will run "git pull" to update the underlying Portage tree. If one is not in place, the contents of the SYNC variable will be used as the remote URI from which to clone a git tree (2.2). In addition, SYNC_USER and SYNC_UMASK (defaulting to root and 022) can be used to define the user account to use for cloning/syncing, as well as the umask to use. (2.2).


;Sed Wrapper Symlink and PATH fix
: The Funtoo version of Portage has replaced the BSD-only sed wrapper with a symlink. This will eventually be deprecated. The sed wrapper was a way to provide BSD systems with a "sed" command that could be used inside ebuilds that worked similarly to GNU sed. A PATH fix has been applied so that /bin/sed will be detected first anyway.


;Multiple repository layout
;thin-manifest
: One of the most important changes is the switch from the old ''overlay'' layout to a new cleaner ''repository'' system. The new layout is more flexible and more predictable. For example, repositories can now use resources (eclasses, for example) provided by other repositories.
:Funtoo's Portage supports a special mode of operation where Manifests only contain digests for distfiles and not for files in the Portage tree. This is to eliminate redundant digests since git already provides SHA1 digests. This feature, previously called "mini-manifest", has been moved to a repo-specific option so you do not needed anymore in your {{/etc/portage/make.conf}}. (note: this has now been done, as "thin-manifest" functionality has been integrated into recent versions of Portage, and is being beta tested in Funtoo). Funtoo provides a special "thin-manifest" tree that is smaller than the full-size Portage tree, and is intended to be used instead of the  mini-manifest feature.


The old layout was based on the concept of one ''main tree'' and optionally a number of overlays. The main tree provided base system ebuilds, eclasses, profiles, while overlays mostly were able to provide their own ebuilds. The ebuild provided by overlays overrode the ebuilds in main tree to the extend of making it impossible to install the main tree version. Overlays could also provide eclasses for their own ebuilds and package.* entries that applied to all overlays and to the main tree. The Package Manager is responsible for updating the main tree, while overlays are managed externally.
;preserve bindist through USE filtering
: Normally, anything not in an ebuild's IUSE is stripped from the USE passed to ebuild.sh. This patch allows "bindist" to not be stripped, so it can be used as a means to disable pre-merge sanity checks that may exist in pkg_setup() and pkg_pretend() but will not otherwise affect the resultant build. If "bindist" will affect some functionality in the package, then it should be added to an ebuild's IUSE. This patch allows pkg_setup() and pkg_pretend() to look for "bindist", which indicates that the ebuild is being built for release, typically in an automated fashion, and thus runtime sanity checks that might otherwise run can be optionally skipped. This check is used by the udev-160-r1.ebuild to see if we should fail if we are merging udev on a system where the kernel will not support it. In Metro, this is not a big deal, but on a ''real'' production system, merging the udev on an incompatible system will render the kernel inoperable.


The new layout is based on the concept of one or more configurable repositories. Each repository can either be stand-alone or depend upon other repositories. The distribution provides a repository called ''funtoo'' (a drop-in replacement for Gentoo's ''gentoo'' repository). Users can install more repositories at they will, the repositories providing their own ebuilds, eclasses and profiles as necessary and/or using them from other repositories. Users can explicitly choose the repository they want to install packages from. The Package Manager can update all repositories.
;safetydance FEATURE
:A new FEATURE setting is used by Funtoo's udev ebuild called "safetydance" which can be used to manually bypass sanity checks. This is an alternative to the "bindist" approach above. udev-160 in Funtoo Linux supports both approaches and Metro sets "safetydance" by default.


==== Portage configuration for the new repository layout ====
;GLEP 55 removal
:Some code to support GLEP 55 has been removed.


;New repository layout
;new metadata format (experimental)
: The repository configuration should be stored in <code>/etc/portage/repos.conf</code>. It can be either a single file or a directory containing one or more ''.conf'' files.
:Some tweaks to ebuild.sh have been made so that it is easier to support new metadata formats in the future.


The default configuration is installed as <code>/usr/share/portage/config/repos.conf</code>. This file is internal configuration file installed with portage ebuild and should '''not''' be modified. Instead, the configuration in <code>/etc/portage/repos.conf</code> can override the defaults specified there.
;xz-utils auto-dependency
:There are several ebuilds in the Gentoo Portage repository that use .xz files but do not explicitly depend on xz-utils. A workaround has been added to ebuild.sh to add this dependency to metadata automatically if a .xz file exists in SRC_URI. This change is not yet in the official Portage sources but is being used on the Funtoo side when generating our git-based Portage trees.


The configuration uses format similar to Windows .ini files. Each section heading (repository name in square brackets) signifies a single repository, followed by one or more key-value option pairs. For example, the following file copies default configuration for Funtoo repository:
==== In current development version (2.3.8) ====


{{file|name=/etc/portage/repos.conf/funtoo.conf|desc=Example configuration override for Funtoo repository to move it to non-standard location|body=
;emerge-webrsync removed
[funtoo]
: Gentoo Portage supports already tree syncing method via downloading a .tar.bz2 file containing all the ebuilds. Funtoo supports git syncing only, so the relevant code is removed.
# moved to non-standard location!
location = /var/db/repos/funtoo
sync-type = git
sync-uri = git://github.com/funtoo/ports-2015.git
auto-sync = yes
}}


The most useful repository configuration options are listed below:
;SYNC_UMASK, SYNC_USER support
;location: ''Obligatory.'' Specifies the directory where repository is/will be stored. If Portage knows how to sync the repository and the location does not exist, it will be created on next ''emerge --sync''. Otherwise, the directory must exist.
: SYNC_USER and SYNC_UMASK can be used to define the user account to use for cloning/syncing, as well as the umask to use.
;priority: Specifies the priority used for ordering ebuilds from different repositories. If two repositories provide an ebuild with matching versions, the repository with higher priority will be used.
;auto-sync: Specifies whether ''emerge --sync'' should update the repository. Defaults to ''yes'' if ''sync-type'' is specified, ''no'' otherwise.
;sync-depth: Specifies ''--depth'' for git clone. Used only on initial sync. Defaults to 1. Can be set to 0 to force full clone (not pass ''--depth'' at all).
;sync-type: Specifies syncing/update method. Can be one of: ''cvs'', ''git'', ''rsync'', ''svn''.
;sync-umask: Specifies the umask used when updating/syncing the repository.
;sync-uri: Specifies remote URI from which the repository will be cloned/synced. Can use any syntax valid for a particular syncing method.
;sync-user: Specifies the user[:group] used to update/sync the repository. If ''FEATURES=usersync'' is used, defaults to the credentials of directory owner.


Additionally a <code>[DEFAULT]</code> section may be specified. Options in this section are used as defaults for all repositories.
;pwconv & grpconv are run after emerge
: Portage runs pwconv & grpconv post-emerge to ensure /etc/shadow and /etc/gshadow are valid.


;Migrating existing configurations
;preserve bindist through USE filtering
: The new configuration format provides replacement for existing configuration done through <code>/etc/portage/make.conf</code> and environment variables. While the variables are still supported for backwards compatibility, users are recommended to move to the new configuration scheme. Funtoo portage ebuild is planned to  make the migration unattended (repos.conf installed automatically to ease the config steps) with the following file:
: Normally, anything not in an ebuild's IUSE is stripped from the USE passed to ebuild.sh. This patch allows "bindist" to not be stripped, so it can be used as a means to disable pre-merge sanity checks that may exist in pkg_setup() and pkg_pretend() but will not otherwise affect the resultant build. If "bindist" will affect some functionality in the package, then it should be added to an ebuild's IUSE. This patch allows pkg_setup() and pkg_pretend() to look for "bindist", which indicates that the ebuild is being built for release, typically in an automated fashion, and thus runtime sanity checks that might otherwise run can be optionally skipped. This check is used by the udev-160-r1.ebuild to see if we should fail if we are merging udev on a system where the kernel will not support it. In Metro, this is not a big deal, but on a ''real'' production system, merging the udev on an incompatible system will render the kernel inoperable.
{{file|name=/etc/portage/repos.conf/funtoo.conf|body=
[funtoo]
location = /usr/portage
sync-type = git
sync-uri = git://github.com/funtoo/ports-2015.git
auto-sync = yes
}}
The following replacements are provided for existing variables:
;PORTDIR: Used to specify main tree location. Replaced by ''location'' key in the section corresponding to the default repository (<code>[funtoo]</code> by default).
;PORTDIR_OVERLAY: Used to specify locations of overlays. Each of the paths needs to be replaced with a separate repository section, with the path placed in ''location'' key. Additionally, ''priority'' may be used to force specific ordering of ebuild overrides.
;SYNC: Used to specify URI for syncing the main repository, also implied a protocol for doing that. Replaced by the ''sync-uri'' and ''sync-type'' keys in the default repository section.
;SYNC_UMASK: Used to specify umask for syncing repositories. Replaced by ''sync-umask'' key in repository configuration. Can be specified in <code>[DEFAULT]</code> section to apply to all repositories.
;SYNC_USER: Used to specify user credentials for syncing repositories. Replaced by ''sync-user'' key in repository configuration. Can be specified in <code>[DEFAULT]</code> section to apply to all repositories.


{{file|name=/etc/portage/make.conf|desc=Example old make.conf file|body=
;Dynamic SLOT support re-enabled
# user changed PORTDIR location
: The ebuilds are allowed to change their SLOT value during build.
PORTDIR="/var/db/repos/funtoo"
PORTDIR_OVERLAY="/var/db/repos/foo /var/db/repos/bar"


SYNC="git://github.com/funtoo/ports-2015.git"
SYNC_USER="oleg"
SYNC_UMASK="022"
}}
{{file|name=/etc/portage/repos.conf|desc=Replacement repos.conf file|body=
[DEFAULT]
sync-user = oleg
sync-umask = 022
[funtoo]
location = /var/db/repos/funtoo
sync-type = git
sync-uri = git://github.com/funtoo/ports-2015.git
[foo]
location = /var/db/repos/foo
priority = 1
[bar]
location = /var/db/repos/bar
priority = 2
}}
The <code>repos.conf</code> configuration can be further extended with ''sync-type'' and ''sync-uri'' for overlays to get ''emerge --sync'' updating them automatically.
let's see a real example of tree and overlays added.
{{file|name=/etc/portage/repos.conf|desc=Replacement repos.conf file|body=
[gentoo]
location = /usr/portage
sync-type = git
sync-uri = git://github.com/funtoo/ports-2012.git
[funtoo-overlay]
location = /root/git/funtoo-overlay
[funtoo-gnome]
location = /root/git/funtoo-gnome-overlay
}}
funtoo-overlay and funtoo-gnome-overlay are an overlays added on top of regular portage tree.
[[Category:Projects]]
[[Category:Projects]]
[[Category:Portage]]
[[Category:Portage]]
{{EbuildFooter}}
{{EbuildFooter}}

Latest revision as of 05:34, September 10, 2016

Portage (Funtoo)

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Introduction

Portage is the official package manager of Funtoo Linux. Historically, Daniel Robbins has maintained a slightly modified version of Portage, although now many of the features pioneered in this version of Portage has been merged upstream by Zac Medico. Funtoo has recently started using an unmodified upstream Gentoo version of Portage. Funtoo's 2.4.1 Portage is equivalent to the upstream 2.2.26 version of Portage -- Funtoo has used different version numbers for historical reasons.

Portage Commands

CommandDescription
emergehigh-level dependency-based package merge/unmerge tool
ebuildlower-level package build tool
etc-updateOriginal tool to manage updates to /etc configuration files.
dispatch-confNewer tool to manage updates to /etc configuration files.

Portage Specifications

The latest progress and changes related to EAPI/PMS and Portage can often be found in the Gentoo Council meeting logs, which are listed on the Gentoo Council page.

The latest PMS specification to be approved by the Gentoo Council is available: eapi-5-approved-2012-09-20. The PMS specification is an attempt to codify the inner workings of Portage, and is authored by Stephen Bennett, Christian Faulhammer, Ciaran McCreesh and Ulrich Müller as a Gentoo-hosted project.

Portage Profiles

Portage uses profiles to define settings for various architectures and types of Funtoo/Gentoo systems. See the Portage Profiles page for detailed information on how Portage handles profiles. Look at Creating_Profiles to learn how to create them and at Funtoo_1.0_Profile to learn about the Funtoo 1.0 profile.

Portage Variables

Portage's behavior can be controlled by a number of configuration settings other variables that can be defined within the ebuild itself. In addition, a number of these variables are defined for the ebuild automatically by Portage. These variables are now documented on their own page: Portage Variables.

Multiple ABI Support

Portage contains support for multiple ABIs (Application Binary Interfaces) co-existing on the same system. This functionality has been extensively documented and has been moved to its own page: Multiple ABI Support.

Ebuild Functions

An ebuild developer has the ability to define Ebuild Functions that define steps to perform during a particular part of the ebuild lifecycle. These steps are now documented on their own page: Ebuild Functions.

Funtoo Portage Development

The Funtoo Core Team is currently working on a general-purpose plug-in system so that the GNU info file regeneration, news update display, and scanning of files that need updating in /etc can be pulled out of the official Portage emerge code. In addition, this plug-in system will allow other types of things to be hooked into various phases of emerge. This will allow various new plug-ins to be developed and used on systems, such as periodic security checks, etc.

Portage Logs

Logs of portage actions can be found at /var/log/emerge.log & /var/log/portage/elog/summary.log-(date the log is generated)

TODO

Add support to portage, so that when an ebuild is merged, the /var/db/pkg entry contains a list of all currently-installed versions of all ebuilds upon which that ebuild RDEPENDs. This, combined with a comprehensive set of past USE settings (may need to implement this too,) can be used to detect when an ebuild needs to be rebuilt. This could help to address issues like those in Gentoo Bug 167662 and allow easier implementation of support for things like perl-cleaner. Currently, perl-cleaner doesn't detect that vim uses perl and moving from -ithreads to ithreads causes vim to die, so it needs to be manually rebuilt.

Add support for portage to understand which version of a particular app is the "active" version that it was built against, and record this information in /var/db/pkg. This can help to implement perl-cleaner-like support in Portage.

Funtoo Features/Changes

   Note

Many of these features have been merged into Gentoo's upstream Portage.

In Funtoo stable/current Portage

emerge --sync from git
If a git-based Portage tree is already in place, emerge --sync will run "git pull" to update the underlying Portage tree. If one is not in place, the contents of the SYNC variable will be used as the remote URI from which to clone a git tree (2.2). In addition, SYNC_USER and SYNC_UMASK (defaulting to root and 022) can be used to define the user account to use for cloning/syncing, as well as the umask to use. (2.2).
Sed Wrapper Symlink and PATH fix
The Funtoo version of Portage has replaced the BSD-only sed wrapper with a symlink. This will eventually be deprecated. The sed wrapper was a way to provide BSD systems with a "sed" command that could be used inside ebuilds that worked similarly to GNU sed. A PATH fix has been applied so that /bin/sed will be detected first anyway.
thin-manifest
Funtoo's Portage supports a special mode of operation where Manifests only contain digests for distfiles and not for files in the Portage tree. This is to eliminate redundant digests since git already provides SHA1 digests. This feature, previously called "mini-manifest", has been moved to a repo-specific option so you do not needed anymore in your Package:Portage (Funtoo)/etc/portage/make.conf. (note: this has now been done, as "thin-manifest" functionality has been integrated into recent versions of Portage, and is being beta tested in Funtoo). Funtoo provides a special "thin-manifest" tree that is smaller than the full-size Portage tree, and is intended to be used instead of the mini-manifest feature.
preserve bindist through USE filtering
Normally, anything not in an ebuild's IUSE is stripped from the USE passed to ebuild.sh. This patch allows "bindist" to not be stripped, so it can be used as a means to disable pre-merge sanity checks that may exist in pkg_setup() and pkg_pretend() but will not otherwise affect the resultant build. If "bindist" will affect some functionality in the package, then it should be added to an ebuild's IUSE. This patch allows pkg_setup() and pkg_pretend() to look for "bindist", which indicates that the ebuild is being built for release, typically in an automated fashion, and thus runtime sanity checks that might otherwise run can be optionally skipped. This check is used by the udev-160-r1.ebuild to see if we should fail if we are merging udev on a system where the kernel will not support it. In Metro, this is not a big deal, but on a real production system, merging the udev on an incompatible system will render the kernel inoperable.
safetydance FEATURE
A new FEATURE setting is used by Funtoo's udev ebuild called "safetydance" which can be used to manually bypass sanity checks. This is an alternative to the "bindist" approach above. udev-160 in Funtoo Linux supports both approaches and Metro sets "safetydance" by default.
GLEP 55 removal
Some code to support GLEP 55 has been removed.
new metadata format (experimental)
Some tweaks to ebuild.sh have been made so that it is easier to support new metadata formats in the future.
xz-utils auto-dependency
There are several ebuilds in the Gentoo Portage repository that use .xz files but do not explicitly depend on xz-utils. A workaround has been added to ebuild.sh to add this dependency to metadata automatically if a .xz file exists in SRC_URI. This change is not yet in the official Portage sources but is being used on the Funtoo side when generating our git-based Portage trees.

In current development version (2.3.8)

emerge-webrsync removed
Gentoo Portage supports already tree syncing method via downloading a .tar.bz2 file containing all the ebuilds. Funtoo supports git syncing only, so the relevant code is removed.
SYNC_UMASK, SYNC_USER support
SYNC_USER and SYNC_UMASK can be used to define the user account to use for cloning/syncing, as well as the umask to use.
pwconv & grpconv are run after emerge
Portage runs pwconv & grpconv post-emerge to ensure /etc/shadow and /etc/gshadow are valid.
preserve bindist through USE filtering
Normally, anything not in an ebuild's IUSE is stripped from the USE passed to ebuild.sh. This patch allows "bindist" to not be stripped, so it can be used as a means to disable pre-merge sanity checks that may exist in pkg_setup() and pkg_pretend() but will not otherwise affect the resultant build. If "bindist" will affect some functionality in the package, then it should be added to an ebuild's IUSE. This patch allows pkg_setup() and pkg_pretend() to look for "bindist", which indicates that the ebuild is being built for release, typically in an automated fashion, and thus runtime sanity checks that might otherwise run can be optionally skipped. This check is used by the udev-160-r1.ebuild to see if we should fail if we are merging udev on a system where the kernel will not support it. In Metro, this is not a big deal, but on a real production system, merging the udev on an incompatible system will render the kernel inoperable.
Dynamic SLOT support re-enabled
The ebuilds are allowed to change their SLOT value during build.


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