注意:

The Funtoo Linux project has transitioned to "Hobby Mode" and this wiki is now read-only.

Difference between revisions of "User:Pnoecker/standard install"

From Funtoo
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(→‎Create and mount filesystems.: sdX3 is the lvm drive)
(→‎Generate Grub menu: de-genkernel)
 
(18 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 97: Line 97:


{{console|body=# ##i##mkfs.vfat -F 32 /dev/sdX2}}
{{console|body=# ##i##mkfs.vfat -F 32 /dev/sdX2}}
*label esp system for fstab later on:
{{console|body=# ##i##fatlabel /dev/sdX2 "EFI"}}


'''Create LVM2 volume'''
'''Create LVM2 volume'''
Line 102: Line 105:
'''Create LVM volume for /, /boot, and swap'''
'''Create LVM volume for /, /boot, and swap'''
{{console|body=# ##i##pvcreate /dev/sdX3}}
{{console|body=# ##i##pvcreate /dev/sdX3}}
{{console|body=# ##i##vgcreate vg /dev/mapper/root}}
{{console|body=# ##i##vgcreate vg /dev/sdX3}}
{{console|body=# ##i##lvcreate -L256M --name boot vg}}
{{console|body=# ##i##lvcreate -L256M --name boot vg}}
{{Note|Replace "2G" with the amount of swap you would like to make available.}}
{{Note|Replace "2G" with the amount of swap you would like to make available.}}
Line 110: Line 113:


'''Create filesystems on LVM volumes'''
'''Create filesystems on LVM volumes'''
*boot:
{{console|body=# ##i##mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/vg-boot}}
*swap:
*swap:
{{console|body=# ##i##mkswap /dev/mapper/vg-swap}}
{{console|body=# ##i##mkswap /dev/mapper/vg-swap}}
*for ext4:
*for ext4:
{{console|body=# ##i##mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/vg-boot}}
{{console|body=# ##i##mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/vg-root}}
{{console|body=# ##i##mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/vg-root}}
*for xfs:
*for xfs:
{{console|body=# ##i##mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/vg-boot}}
{{console|body=# ##i##mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/vg-root}}
{{console|body=# ##i##mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/vg-root}}


'''Create directories for chroot'''
'''Create directories for chroot'''
Line 140: Line 144:
{{console|body=# ##i##cd /mnt/funtoo}}
{{console|body=# ##i##cd /mnt/funtoo}}
{{console|body=# ##i##wget https://build.funtoo.org/next/x86-64bit/generic_64/2022-09-13/stage3-generic_64-next-2022-09-13.tar.xz}}
{{console|body=# ##i##wget https://build.funtoo.org/next/x86-64bit/generic_64/2022-09-13/stage3-generic_64-next-2022-09-13.tar.xz}}
{{console|body=# ##i##tar --numeric-owner --xattrs --xattrs-include='*' -xpf stage3*.tar.xz && rm -f stage3*.tar.xz}}
{{console|body=# ##i##tar --numeric-owner --xattrs --xattrs-include='*' -xpf *stage3*.tar.xz && rm -f *stage3*.tar.xz}}


==Chroot into your new system==
==Chroot into your new system==
Line 150: Line 154:
{{console|body=# ##i##mkdir /mnt/funtoo/sys}}
{{console|body=# ##i##mkdir /mnt/funtoo/sys}}
{{console|body=# ##i##mount --rbind /sys /mnt/funtoo/sys}}
{{console|body=# ##i##mount --rbind /sys /mnt/funtoo/sys}}
{{console|body=# ##i##env -i HOME=/root TERM=$TERM $(which chroot) /mnt/funtoo bash -l}}
{{console|body=# ##i##env -i HOME=/root TERM=$TERM $(which chroot) /mnt/funtoo /bin/bash -l}}


===Fchroot Method===
===Fchroot Method===
Line 181: Line 185:
{{note|this example uses xfs}}
{{note|this example uses xfs}}
{{console|body=# ##i##cat > /etc/fstab << 'EOF'
{{console|body=# ##i##cat > /etc/fstab << 'EOF'
/dev/mapper/vg-boot /boot xfs noauto,noatime,nodiratime,defaults 0 1
UUID=hvz79n-I2VE-nR1c-0hDQ-PVkR-3GRb-rnuJ9C /boot xfs noauto,noatime,nodiratime,defaults 0 1
/dev/mapper/vg-swap none swap sw 0 0
UUID=a9188bc3-7def-422b-990d-9de431825779 none swap sw 0 0
/dev/mapper/vg-root / xfs noatime,nodiratime,defaults 0 1
UUID=2eaf45e6-d33b-4155-b4ca-63a2fdbfb896 / xfs noatime,nodiratime,defaults 0 1
tmpfs /var/tmp/portage tmpfs uid=portage,gid=portage,mode=775,noatime 0 0
tmpfs /var/tmp/portage tmpfs uid=portage,gid=portage,mode=775,noatime 0 0
LABEL=EFI /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1
EOF}}
EOF}}
{{note|run nano /etc/fstab & change the uuid values to your particular system}}


'''compile in ram:'''
'''compile in ram:'''
Line 210: Line 217:


'''Install necessary packages'''
'''Install necessary packages'''
{{console|body=# ##i##emerge grub haveged intel-microcode linux-firmware lvm2 genkernel iucode_tool shim mokutil}}
{{console|body=# ##i##emerge grub haveged intel-microcode linux-firmware lvm2 iucode_tool shim mokutil}}


'''Configure services to start at boot'''
'''Configure services to start at boot'''
Line 230: Line 237:
     kernel kernel[-v]
     kernel kernel[-v]
     initrd initramfs[-v]
     initrd initramfs[-v]
     params += dolvm real_root=/dev/mapper/vg-root ro rootfstype=auto resume=swap:/dev/mapper/vg-swap quiet
     params += ramdisk.activate=lvm real_root=auto rootfstype=auto resume=/dev/mapper/vg-swap quiet
}
}
EOF}}
EOF}}
Line 236: Line 243:
'''Install GRUB'''
'''Install GRUB'''
====For BIOS systems & UEFI legacy mode support====
====For BIOS systems & UEFI legacy mode support====
{{console|body=# ##i##echo "GRUB_ENABLE_CRYPTODISK=y" >> /etc/default/grub}}
 
{{console|body=# ##i##grub-install --target=i386-pc --no-floppy /dev/sdX}}
{{console|body=# ##i##grub-install --target=i386-pc --no-floppy /dev/sdX}}


Line 246: Line 253:
*load efi directory:
*load efi directory:
{{console|body=
{{console|body=
###i## mkdir /ESP
###i## mkdir /boot/efi
###i## mount /dev/sdX2 /ESP
###i## mount /boot/efi
}}
 
*generate a sbat file to install with grub:
{{console|body=
###i## cat > /usr/share/grub/sbat.csv << EOF
sbat,1,SBAT Version,sbat,1,https://github.com/rhboot/shim/blob/main/SBAT.md
grub,1,Free Software Foundation,grub,2.06,https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/
EOF
}}
}}


===64bit systems===
===64bit systems===
{{console|body=# ##i##grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/ESP --bootloader-id="Funtoo" --recheck /dev/sdX}}
{{console|body=# ##i##grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --sbat /usr/share/grub/sbat.csv --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id="Funtoo" --recheck /dev/sdX}}


{{console|body=
{{console|body=
###i## cp /usr/share/shim/BOOTX64.EFI /usr/share/shim/mmx64.efi /ESP/EFI/Funtoo
###i## cp /usr/share/shim/BOOTX64.EFI /usr/share/shim/mmx64.efi /boot/efi/EFI/Funtoo
}}
}}


*For usb keys & removable drives:
*For usb keys & removable drives:
{{console|body=# ##i##grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/ESP --bootloader-id="BOOT" --no-nvram --recheck /dev/sdX}}
{{console|body=# ##i##grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --sbat /usr/share/grub/sbat.csv --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id="BOOT" --no-nvram --recheck /dev/sdX}}


{{console|body=
{{console|body=
###i## cp /usr/share/shim/BOOTX64.EFI /usr/share/shim/mmx64.efi /ESP/EFI/BOOT
###i## cp /usr/share/shim/BOOTX64.EFI /usr/share/shim/mmx64.efi /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT
}}
}}


===32bit systems===
===32bit systems===
{{console|body=# ##i##grub-install --target=i386-efi --efi-directory=/ESP --bootloader-id="Funtoo" --recheck /dev/sdX}}
{{console|body=# ##i##grub-install --target=i386-efi --sbat /usr/share/grub/sbat.csv --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id="Funtoo" --recheck /dev/sdX}}


{{console|body=
{{console|body=
###i## cp /usr/share/shim/BOOTIA32.EFI /usr/share/shim/mmia32.efi /ESP/EFI/Funtoo
###i## cp /usr/share/shim/BOOTIA32.EFI /usr/share/shim/mmia32.efi /boot/efi/EFI/Funtoo
}}
}}


*For usb keys & removable drives:
*For usb keys & removable drives:
{{console|body=# ##i##grub-install --target=i386-efi --efi-directory=/ESP --bootloader-id="BOOT" --no-nvram --recheck /dev/sdX}}
{{console|body=# ##i##grub-install --target=i386-efi --sbat /usr/share/grub/sbat.csv --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id="BOOT" --no-nvram --recheck /dev/sdX}}


{{console|body=
{{console|body=
###i## cp /usr/share/shim/BOOTIA32.EFI /usr/share/shim/mmia32.efi /ESP/EFI/BOOT
###i## cp /usr/share/shim/BOOTIA32.EFI /usr/share/shim/mmia32.efi /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT
}}
}}


====Generate Grub menu====
====Generate Grub menu====
'''Generate a new initramfs'''
{{console|body=# ##i##cd /boot && ramdisk --force --plugins=core,lvm $(ls /boot/initramfs-*)}}
'''Generate boot menu'''
{{console|body=# ##i##ego boot update}}
{{console|body=# ##i##ego boot update}}
'''Generate a new initramfs'''
{{console|body=# ##i##genkernel --clean --lvm --disklabel --ramdisk-modules --fullname=$(ls /boot/initramfs-* {{!}} tail -c +17) initramfs}}


==Finishing installation==
==Finishing installation==
Line 290: Line 306:
In the event of build failure, to rechroot requires unlocking the root, re-mounting, and re-chroot.
In the event of build failure, to rechroot requires unlocking the root, re-mounting, and re-chroot.
{{console|body=
{{console|body=
###i## mount /dev/mapper/vg-root /mnt/funtoo
###i## mount /dev/mapper/vg-root /mnt/funtoo && mount /dev/mapper/vg-boot /mnt/funtoo/boot
###i## cd /mnt/funtoo
###i## cd /mnt/funtoo
###i## fchroot .
###i## fchroot .

Latest revision as of 23:21, May 30, 2024

This howto describes how to setup a generic LVM2 install. It is a standalone installation walk through, loosely based on the official installations finished product.

   Warning
You may try this installation method at your own risk! Please note: this guide is outside of the official installation documentation, and cannot be supported. If you choose to use this, we assume you know what you are doing and you are on your own!

Prepare the hard drive, and partitions

  • Before you begin, make sure you are partitioning the correct drive. For the rest of this tutorial, we will be using /dev/sdX as a placeholder.
root # lsblk
#NAME          MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
#sda             8:0    0  1.8T  0 disk 
#├─sdX1          8:1    0    1M  0 bios_boot
#├─sdX2          8:2    0    8G  0 esp      /efi
#└─sdX3          8:3    0  1.8T  0 part 
#  ├─main-boot 254:0    0  500G  0 lvm  /boot
#  ├─main-swap 254:0    0  500G  0 lvm  [swap]
#  ├─main-root 254:0    0  500G  0 lvm  /

link your drive to /dev/sdX

to make following this guide easier you can set udev rules and link the drive you're installing to /dev/sdX so everything is copy paste. just replace the kernel's == sda/mmc/nvme to match your target drive.

  • hda/sda drives:
root # echo 'KERNEL=="sda*", SYMLINK+="sdX%n"' > /etc/udev/rules.d/01-funtoo.rules
root # udevadm control --reload-rules
root # udevadm trigger
  • mmc/nvme drives:
root # echo 'KERNEL=="mmcblk0", SYMLINK+="sdX"' > /etc/udev/rules.d/01-funtoo.rules
root # echo 'KERNEL=="mmcblk0p*", SYMLINK+="sdX%n"' >> /etc/udev/rules.d/01-funtoo.rules
root # udevadm control --reload-rules
root # udevadm trigger
  • verify linking
root # ls -al /dev/sdX*
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 3 Jul 31 14:00 /dev/sdX -> sde
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 Jul 31 14:00 /dev/sdX1 -> sde1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 4 Jul 31 14:00 /dev/sdX2 -> sde2

Partition

UEFI Partitioning

root # gdisk /dev/sdX

Within gdisk, follow these steps:

Empty the partition table:

Command: o ↵
This option deletes all partitions and creates a new protective MBR.
Proceed? (Y/N): y ↵

Create bios boot partition:

Command: n ↵
Partition Number: 1 ↵
First sector: 
Last sector: +1M ↵
Hex Code: EF02 ↵

Create efi esp partition:

Command: n ↵
Partition Number: 2 ↵
First sector: 
Last sector: +64M ↵
Hex Code: EF00 ↵

Create partition which will be our LVM2 virtual partition:

Command: n ↵
Partition Number: 3 ↵
First sector: 
Last sector:  (for rest of disk)
Hex Code: 

Write Partition Table To Disk:

Command: w ↵
Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): Y ↵

The partition table will now be written to the disk and gdisk will close.

Create and mount filesystems.

Create esp filesystem

root # mkfs.vfat -F 32 /dev/sdX2
  • label esp system for fstab later on:
root # fatlabel /dev/sdX2 "EFI"

Create LVM2 volume

Create LVM volume for /, /boot, and swap

root # pvcreate /dev/sdX3
root # vgcreate vg /dev/sdX3
root # lvcreate -L256M --name boot vg
   Note

Replace "2G" with the amount of swap you would like to make available.

root # lvcreate -L2G --name swap vg
root # lvcreate -l 100%FREE --name root vg
   Note

The "-l 100%FREE" option above will use the remainder of the disk for your root partition. If you would prefer to create separate for /home or /var (for example), you can instead continue to use the "-LXXG" option for fixed sizes.

Create filesystems on LVM volumes

  • swap:
root # mkswap /dev/mapper/vg-swap
  • for ext4:
root # mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/vg-boot
root # mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/vg-root
  • for xfs:
root # mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/vg-boot
root # mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/vg-root


Create directories for chroot

root # mkdir -p /mnt/funtoo

Mount filesystems

root # mount /dev/mapper/vg-root /mnt/funtoo
root # mkdir /mnt/funtoo/boot
root # mount /dev/mapper/vg-boot /mnt/funtoo/boot

Set the date

   Note

See the official Funtoo docs on setting the date.

Install the Funtoo starge tarball of your choice

   Note

These instructions will be using the generic64 next minimal stage3. You should adjust them accordingly.

or a stage more closely aligned to your hardware:

or funtoo from scratch generated stages:

root # cd /mnt/funtoo
root # wget https://build.funtoo.org/next/x86-64bit/generic_64/2022-09-13/stage3-generic_64-next-2022-09-13.tar.xz
root # tar --numeric-owner --xattrs --xattrs-include='*' -xpf *stage3*.tar.xz && rm -f *stage3*.tar.xz

Chroot into your new system

Traditional Method

root # mkdir /mnt/funtoo/proc
root # mount -t proc none /mnt/funtoo/proc
root # mkdir /mnt/funtoo/dev
root # mount --rbind /dev /mnt/funtoo/dev
root # mkdir /mnt/funtoo/sys
root # mount --rbind /sys /mnt/funtoo/sys
root # env -i HOME=/root TERM=$TERM $(which chroot) /mnt/funtoo /bin/bash -l

Fchroot Method

root # fchroot .

Configure your system

Set a new root password

root # passwd

Set hostname

root # echo 'hostname="NewFuntooInstall"' > /etc/conf.d/hostname

Set up DNS resolution

   Note

We are using the Cloudflare DNS server address here. Feel free to use your own.

root # echo "nameserver 1.1.1.1" > /etc/resolv.conf

Set your timezone

root # ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/$(tzselect) /etc/localtime

Note your filesystem information

root # blkid
/dev/sdX2: UUID="6453-0C55" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="efi" PARTUUID="4e195c4b-f88c-4205-b9df-79a879704b2f"
/dev/sdX3: UUID="aafe709b-82e7-448f-a2cb-36adc3787dc3" TYPE="crypto_LUKS" PARTLABEL="system" PARTUUID="93d0cf9b-0b95-4d8b-919f-48cd1774996f"
/dev/mapper/root: UUID="hvz79n-I2VE-nR1c-0hDQ-PVkR-3GRb-rnuJ9C" TYPE="LVM2_member"
/dev/mapper/vg-swap: UUID="a9188bc3-7def-422b-990d-9de431825779" TYPE="swap"
/dev/mapper/vg-root: UUID="2eaf45e6-d33b-4155-b4ca-63a2fdbfb896" TYPE="ext4"

Configure /etc/fstab

   Note

this example uses xfs

root # cat > /etc/fstab << 'EOF'
UUID=hvz79n-I2VE-nR1c-0hDQ-PVkR-3GRb-rnuJ9C /boot xfs noauto,noatime,nodiratime,defaults 0 1
UUID=a9188bc3-7def-422b-990d-9de431825779 none swap sw 0 0
UUID=2eaf45e6-d33b-4155-b4ca-63a2fdbfb896 / xfs noatime,nodiratime,defaults 0 1
tmpfs /var/tmp/portage tmpfs uid=portage,gid=portage,mode=775,noatime 0 0
LABEL=EFI /boot/efi vfat umask=0077 0 1
EOF
   Note

run nano /etc/fstab & change the uuid values to your particular system

compile in ram:

root # mkdir /var/tmp/portage
root # chown portage:portage /var/tmp/portage
root # mount /var/tmp/portage

or exclude compiling in ram if your machine's not powerful enough:

root # umount /var/tmp/portage

Portage

Download the portage tree

root # ego sync

Edit package USE-flags

root # cat > /etc/portage/package.use <<'EOF'
*/* device-mapper lvm
sys-kernel/linux-firmware initramfs
EOF

Install necessary packages

root # emerge grub haveged intel-microcode linux-firmware lvm2 iucode_tool shim mokutil

Configure services to start at boot

root # rc-update add device-mapper sysinit
root # rc-update add lvmetad sysinit
root # rc-update add haveged default
root # rc-update add busybox-ntpd default

Install a bootloader

Configure /etc/boot.conf

   Note

The UUID parameter is set to the UUID of /dev/sdX3 as found from the blkid command above.

root # cat > /etc/boot.conf <<'EOF'
boot {
    generate grub
    default "Funtoo Linux"
    timeout 3
}
"Funtoo Linux" {
    kernel kernel[-v]
    initrd initramfs[-v]
    params += ramdisk.activate=lvm real_root=auto rootfstype=auto resume=/dev/mapper/vg-swap quiet
}
EOF

Install GRUB

For BIOS systems & UEFI legacy mode support

root # grub-install --target=i386-pc --no-floppy /dev/sdX

For UEFI systems

root # mount -o remount,rw /sys/firmware/efi/efivars

Install grub & shim

  • load efi directory:
root # mkdir /boot/efi
root # mount /boot/efi
  • generate a sbat file to install with grub:
root # cat > /usr/share/grub/sbat.csv << EOF
sbat,1,SBAT Version,sbat,1,https://github.com/rhboot/shim/blob/main/SBAT.md
grub,1,Free Software Foundation,grub,2.06,https://www.gnu.org/software/grub/
EOF

64bit systems

root # grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --sbat /usr/share/grub/sbat.csv --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id="Funtoo" --recheck /dev/sdX
root # cp /usr/share/shim/BOOTX64.EFI /usr/share/shim/mmx64.efi /boot/efi/EFI/Funtoo
  • For usb keys & removable drives:
root # grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --sbat /usr/share/grub/sbat.csv --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id="BOOT" --no-nvram --recheck /dev/sdX
root # cp /usr/share/shim/BOOTX64.EFI /usr/share/shim/mmx64.efi /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT

32bit systems

root # grub-install --target=i386-efi --sbat /usr/share/grub/sbat.csv --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id="Funtoo" --recheck /dev/sdX
root # cp /usr/share/shim/BOOTIA32.EFI /usr/share/shim/mmia32.efi /boot/efi/EFI/Funtoo
  • For usb keys & removable drives:
root # grub-install --target=i386-efi --sbat /usr/share/grub/sbat.csv --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id="BOOT" --no-nvram --recheck /dev/sdX
root # cp /usr/share/shim/BOOTIA32.EFI /usr/share/shim/mmia32.efi /boot/efi/EFI/BOOT

Generate Grub menu

Generate a new initramfs

root # cd /boot && ramdisk --force --plugins=core,lvm $(ls /boot/initramfs-*)

Generate boot menu

root # ego boot update

Finishing installation

From this point, you should be able to finish following the official Funtoo Linux install instructions

Rechroot

In the event of build failure, to rechroot requires unlocking the root, re-mounting, and re-chroot.

root # mount /dev/mapper/vg-root /mnt/funtoo && mount /dev/mapper/vg-boot /mnt/funtoo/boot
root # cd /mnt/funtoo
root # fchroot .

Additional links and information