Wim42gnu's-setup

This is for everybody who might have seen my funtoo setup and liked it! This is also for myself to keep track on my system. I have used most of the Linux distributions out there and I am currently most happy with funtoo. My reasons are:

1. Gentoo/Funtoo is a rolling release distribution, meaning you only have to install it once and update it frequently.
2. Gentoo/Funtoo is only what you make out of it, no unnesecary rubish like in Ubuntu, OpenSuse or Fedora will be installed by default. In the mean time being aware that Gentoo/Funtoo is for advanced users not careing that much about GUIs for Settings or Configs.
3. Gentoo/Funtoo runs fast due to multiple reasons. (Compiling your own software,USE-Flags,...)
4. Philosophy, one would think that Slackware would suite me most (KISS,Unix) but the fact is that these distributions require you more energy and time to work with. I want to get my jobs done, not careing to much about the system. It is okay to have tools that do things for you as long they are designed well - like in funtoo.

1. Install Funtoo (not complete yet - I will update this part when I install funtoo the next time)

Follow the install instructions and setup a minimal system.http://www.funtoo.org/Funtoo_Linux_Installation

Notice you will need to create/edit some configs in the installation prozess. Here are some of mine customizations:

a) /etc/portage/make.conf:

 CFLAGS="-O2 -march=native -pipe -fomit-frame-pointer"
 CXXFLAGS="${CFLAGS}"
 CPU_FLAGS_X86="aes avx fma4 mmx mmxext popcnt sse sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 sse4a ssse3 xop"

for the CPU Flags checkout: http://www.funtoo.org/News:CPU_FLAGS_X86

 USE="qt3support theora libkms xa cdr dvd dvdr alsa ffmpeg -gnome gtk -qt4 -kde lm_sensors mp3 mp4 mozilla multilib png python sound udev usb unicode static-libs hddtemp -bluetooth  nvidia X pulseaudio udisks"

 EMERGE_DEFAULT_OPTS="--keep-going"
 FEATURES="-collision-protect ccache"
 CCACHE_SIZE="1G"
 PORTAGE_NICENESS=20
 PORTAGE_IONICE_COMMAND="ionice -c 3 -p \${PID}"
 #EMERGE_DEFAULT_OPTS="--jobs=12" 
 MAKEOPTS="-j12" <--- Number of CPU cores *2 in my case works best.

 LANG="de_DE.UTF-8" 
 LINGUAS="de"  
 ACCEPT_LICENSE="* -@EULA" 
 INPUT_DEVICES="evdev"
 VIDEO_CARDS="nvidia"

b) /etc/fstab

 # /etc/fstab: static file system information.
 #
 # The root filesystem should have a pass number of either 0 or 1.
 # All other filesystems should have a pass number of 0 or greater than 1.
 #
 # NOTE: If your BOOT partition is ReiserFS, add the notail option to opts.
 #
 # See the manpage fstab(5) for more information.
 #
 # <fs>			<mountpoint>	<type>		<opts>		<dump/pass>

 /dev/sda1		/boot		ext2		noauto,noatime	1 2
 #/dev/cdrom		/mnt/cdrom	auto		noauto,ro	0 0
 /dev/mapper/vg-swap     none          swap      sw                              0 0
 /dev/mapper/vg-root     /             ext4      noatime,nodiratime,defaults     0 1
 /dev/sr0                /mnt/cdrom    auto      noauto,ro                       0 0
 /dev/mapper/vg-home     /home         ext4      noatime,nodiratime              0 0
 tmpfs		/var/tmp/portage	tmpfs	uid=portage,gid=portage,mode=0775,size=16048M,noatime	0 0

for tmpfs see: http://www.funtoo.org/Funtoo_Filesystem_Guide,_Part_3

c) Since I have an encrypted LVM, one needs an initramfs. I prefer the genkernel method.

   genkernel --kernel-config=/path/to/your/custom-kernel-config --no-mrproper --makeopts=-j5 --install --lvm --luks all 

more here: http://www.funtoo.org/Rootfs_over_encrypted_lvm or use better-initramfs: http://www.funtoo.org/Initramfs

d) My Funtoo Profiles:

 eselect profile show
 
 Currently set profiles:
    arch: gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/arch/x86-64bit
   build: gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/build/current
  flavor: gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/flavor/desktop
 mix-ins: gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/audio
 mix-ins: gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/console-extras
 mix-ins: gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/dvd
 mix-ins: gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/media
 mix-ins: gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/X

 Automatically enabled profiles:
 mix-ins: gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/print
 mix-ins: gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/X
 mix-ins: gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/audio
 mix-ins: gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/dvd
 mix-ins: gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/media
 mix-ins: gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/console-extras

2. Install your WindowManager or DesktopEnviroment

My favourite Window Manager at the time is i3 followed by xfce and openbox. Details about i3 & funtoo → http://www.funtoo.org/Package:I3_(Window_Manager) i3 setup:

1) install these packages:

 emerge --ask i3 i3status dmenu lxappearance

If you want to know what these packages are research them. I use lxappeareance to install and select gtk-themes.

Config files:

1. xinitrc at ~/.xinitrc

 exec ck-launch-session i3

You only need --force-xinerama if you do have a nvidia grafics card that do not work without it. For more startx magic → https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/xinitrc

2. ~/.i3/config

specify window colors at the top of the file:

 # class                 border  backgr. text    indicator
 client.focused          #333333 #000000 #ffffff #000000
 client.focused_inactive #333333 #5f676a #ffffff #484e50
 client.unfocused        #333333 #222222 #888888 #292d2e
 client.urgent           #333333 #900000 #ffffff #900000

specify the bar/workspace colors at the bottom of the file:

 bar {
         status_command i3status
         # Bar color settings
         colors{
                 #background #000000
                 #statusline #ffffff
                 #separator  #666666
                 # Type             border  background font
                 focused_workspace  #008fff #007fff #ffffff
                 active_workspace   #333333 #5f676a #ffffff
                 inactive_workspace #333333 #222222 #888888
                 urgent_workspace   #aa0000 #990000 #ffffff
         }
 }

Do not forget the keymap setting at /etc/X11/xorg.conf otherwise you need to use setxkbmap

 Section "InputClass"
   Identifier         "keyboard-all"
   Driver             "evdev"
   MatchIsKeyboard    "on"
   Option         "XkbLayout" "de"
 EndSection

3. A better status bar

For a more advanced user experience, we can use conky with json instead of i3status

a) using only conky without the advantages of json.

1. create a conky file

~/.conkyrc
  ## No output to X <yes/no>
  out_to_x no

  ## Create own window to draw <yes/no>
  own_window no

  ## Print everything to console?
  out_to_console yes

  ## Use double buffering (reduces flicker, not needed for console output)
  double_buffer no

  ## Set to yes if you want Conky to be forked in the background
  background no

  ## Update interval in seconds
  update_interval 2.0

  ## This is the number of times Conky will update before quitting.
  ## Set to zero to run forever.
  total_run_times 0

  ## Shortens units to a single character (kiB->k, GiB->G, etc.). Default is off.
  short_units yes

  ## How strict should if_up be when testing an interface for being up?
  ## The value is one of up, link or address, to check for the interface
  ## being solely up, being up and having link or being up, having link
  ## and an assigned IP address.
  if_up_strictness address

  ## Add spaces to keep things from moving about?  This only affects certain objects.
  ## use_spacer should have an argument of left, right, or none
  use_spacer left

  ## Force UTF8? note that UTF8 support required XFT
  override_utf8_locale no

  ## number of cpu samples to average
  ## set to 1 to disable averaging
  cpu_avg_samples 6

  ## Sensors examples
  # Top Process: ${top name 1}
  # Root: {fs_used /}/${fs_size /} /home ${fs_free /home} /${fs_size /home}
  # Load: ${loadavg 1} ${loadavg 2} ${loadavg 3}
  # Load: $loadavg
  # Swap: ${swap}/${swapmax} (${swapperc}%)
  # Processes: ${running_processes} / ${processes}
  # CPU: $cpu%
  # HDD: $diskio_read :Read $diskio_write :Write
  # Temp: Core0: ${exec sensors | awk '/Core 0/ {print $3}'} Core1: ${exec sensors | awk '/Core 1/ {print $3}'}
  # Freq: ${freq cpu0}Mhz
  # Uptime: $uptime
  # Kernel:$kernel on $machine
  # Name: $nodename - $sysname
  # Battery: ${battery_percent BAT0}%

  ## Stuff after 'TEXT' will be formatted on screen
  TEXT
  /home ${fs_free /home} | \
  /root ${fs_free /root} | \
  ${if_up eth0}eth0 ${addr eth0} | ${endif}\
  ${if_up wlan0}wlan0 ${addr wlan0} | ${endif}\
  CPU ${cpu cpu1}% ${freq_g 1}GHz | \
  RAM ${memperc}% | \
  Load $loadavg | \
  Uptime $uptime | \
  Kernel $kernel on $machine | \

make sure the file is executable (you need to be root - use su or sudo).

 chmod +x ~/.conkyrc 

You need to tell i3 to use conky (~/.i3/config):

  ...
   bar {
       status_command  conky -c ~/.conkyrc
  ...

be sure that you have conky installed and then reload i3 alt or windows key+shift+r

b) using conky and json for the best experience.

we need a wrapper script to be able to use json

~/.i3bar-conky you can copy this 1:1

  #!/bin/sh
  # Send the header so that i3bar knows we want to use JSON:
  echo '{"version":1}'

  # Begin the endless array.
  echo '['

  # We send an empty first array of blocks to make the loop simpler:
  echo '[],'

  # Now send blocks with information forever:
  exec conky -c $HOME/.conkyrc

just make sure the .conkyrc path is okay.

make sure the file is executable (you need to be root - use su or sudo).

 chmod +x ~/.i3bar-conky 

You need to tell i3 to use conky (~/.i3/config):

  ...
   bar {
       status_command  $HOME/.i3bar-conky
  ...

like in a) create now a ~/.conkyrc file

You only have to change the text after the keyword TEXT to suite JSON.

Here my example:

  ## Stuff after 'TEXT' will be formatted on screen
  TEXT
  [{ "full_text" : "/home ${fs_free /home} " , "color" : "\#ffffff" },
  { "full_text" : "/root ${fs_free /root} " , "color" : "\#ffffff"},
  { "full_text" : "${if_up eth0}eth0 ${addr eth0} ${endif} " ,"separator": false, "color" : "\#ffffff"},
  { "full_text" : "${if_up wlan0}wlan0 ${addr wlan0}  ${endif} " , "color" : "\#ffffff"},
  { "full_text" : "CPU ${cpu cpu1}% ${freq_g 1}GHz  " , "color" : "\#ffffff"},
  { "full_text" : "RAM ${memperc}% " , "color" : "\#ffffff"},
  { "full_text" : "Load $loadavg  " , "color" : "\#ffffff"},
  { "full_text" : "Uptime $uptime  " , "color" : "\#ffffff"},
  { "full_text" : "Kernel $kernel on $machine " , "color" : "\#ffffff"},
  { "full_text" : "${time %H:%M} , ${time %a %d.%m.%y}  " , "color" : "\#ffffff"}
  ],

be sure you did not miss anything from a) and reload i3 alt or windows key+shift+r

4. Display Power Management Signaling

a) You can either use XScreenSaver(https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/XScreenSaver):

 emerge -a xscreensaver

and add /usr/bin/xscreensaver -no-splash & to your ~/.xinitrc file:

 xscreensaver -no-splash &         # starts screensaver daemon 
 exec ck-launch-session i3 --force-xinerama 

or b) modifi your Xorg server (https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Display_Power_Management_Signaling).

5. Note:

I login without a login manager using startx to start my Window Manager, you can end/exit your i3 wm via alt or windows key + shift + e

6. Background Image Viewer

a) Feh

 emerge -a feh

~/.xinitrc:

  feh --bg-center <path>/<image>.png

more options → https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Feh#As_a_desktop_wallpaper_manager

b) Nitrogen(GUI Programm)

 emerge -a nitrogen

~/.xinitrc:

  exec --no-startup-id nitrogen --restore

3. Additional Software:

1) File Manager:

 emerge --ask thunar 

thunar - filemanager that supports automounting Make sure you create this rule: /etc/polkit-1/rules.d/10-drives.rules

 polkit.addRule(function(action, subject) {
 if (action.id.indexOf("org.freedesktop.udisks2.") == 0){
 return polkit.Result.YES;
 }
 }
 );

Also you should have udisk installed

2) media-video/smplayer:

allow smplayer always to floate, just add

 for_window [class="smplayer" instance="smplayer"] floating enable

to your ~/.i3/config

3) Internet Browser

I recommend www-client/chromium or www-client/google-chrome see for more info: http://www.funtoo.org/Funtoo_Linux_Web_Browsers

  Addons:
  1) Adblock
  2) uMatrix
  3) StayFocused
  4) WebRTC Block

n) usefull software

app-arch/file-roller app-editors/bluefish app-emulation/wine app-misc/freemind app-office/libreoffice app-portage/eix mail-client/thunderbird media-gfx/blender media-gfx/gimp media-sound/audacity media-video/kdenlive

media-video/vlc net-analyzer/wireshark net-ftp/filezilla sys-apps/lm_sensors virtual/jre app-text/evince app-text/calibre app-emulation/virtualbox