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{{InstallNavigation|num=11|prev=Download Portage Tree|next=Introducing Portage | <includeonly> | ||
== Configuration Files == | |||
</includeonly><noinclude><languages/> | |||
= Install Guide: Configuration Files = | |||
{{InstallNavigation|num=11|prev=Download Portage Tree|next=Introducing Portage}}</noinclude> | |||
As is expected from a Linux distribution, Funtoo Linux has its share of configuration files. The one file you are absolutely required to edit in order to ensure that Funtoo Linux boots successfully is {{f|/etc/fstab}}. The others are optional. | As is expected from a Linux distribution, Funtoo Linux has its share of configuration files. The one file you are absolutely required to edit in order to ensure that Funtoo Linux boots successfully is {{f|/etc/fstab}}. The others are optional. | ||
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{{console|body= | {{console|body= | ||
%chroot% ##i##nano -w /etc/fstab | |||
}} | }} | ||
When in the editor, you can use arrow keys to move the cursor, and common keys like backspace and delete will work as expected. To save the file, press Control-X, and answer {{c|y}} when prompted to save the modified buffer if you would like to save your changes. | When in the editor, you can use arrow keys to move the cursor, and common keys like backspace and delete will work as expected. To save the file, press Control-X, and answer {{c|y}} when prompted to save the modified buffer if you would like to save your changes. | ||
We will edit the {{f|/etc/fstab}} file later, when we set up the boot loader. | |||
==== Configuration Files ==== | ==== Configuration Files ==== | ||
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<td>Your timezone, which will default to UTC if not set. This should be a symbolic link to something located under /usr/share/zoneinfo (e.g. /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/Montreal) </td> | <td>Your timezone, which will default to UTC if not set. This should be a symbolic link to something located under /usr/share/zoneinfo (e.g. /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/Montreal) </td> | ||
</tr><tr> | </tr><tr> | ||
<td>{{c|/etc | <td>{{c|/etc/make.conf}}</td> | ||
<td>'' | <td>''NO - not required or recommended''</td> | ||
<td> | <td>''Unlike Gentoo, it is normal and correct for this file to be empty in Funtoo Linux, as settings have been migrated to our enhanced profile system. Adding settings from this file will cause your system to be considered a non-standard setup and not officially supported. If you feel you need to add something to this file, be sure to ask on Discord for guidance. You probably don't.''</td> | ||
</tr><tr> | |||
<td>{{c|/etc/hosts}}</td> | |||
<td>''No''</td> | |||
<td> You no longer need to manually set the hostname in this file. This file is automatically generated by {{c|/etc/init.d/hostname}}.</td> | |||
</tr><tr> | </tr><tr> | ||
<td>{{c|/etc/conf.d/hostname}}</td> | <td>{{c|/etc/conf.d/hostname}}</td> | ||
<td>''Maybe - recommended''</td> | <td>''Maybe - recommended''</td> | ||
<td>Used to set system hostname. Set the {{c|hostname}} variable to the fully-qualified (with dots, ie. {{c|foo.funtoo.org}}) name if you have one. Otherwise, set to the local system hostname (without dots, ie. {{c|foo}}). Defaults to {{c|localhost}} if not set.</td> | <td>Used to set system hostname. Set the {{c|hostname}} variable to the fully-qualified (with dots, ie. {{c|foo.funtoo.org}}) name if you have one. Otherwise, set to the local system hostname (without dots, ie. {{c|foo}}). Defaults to {{c|localhost}} if not set.</td> | ||
</tr><tr> | </tr><tr> | ||
<td>{{c|/etc/conf.d/keymaps}}</td> | <td>{{c|/etc/conf.d/keymaps}}</td> | ||
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<td>Optional</td> | <td>Optional</td> | ||
<td>Allows you to specify the default console font. To apply this font, enable the consolefont service by running rc-update add consolefont.</td> | <td>Allows you to specify the default console font. To apply this font, enable the consolefont service by running rc-update add consolefont.</td> | ||
</tr><tr> | |||
<td>{{c|/etc/conf.d/swap}}</td> | |||
<td>Optional</td> | |||
<td>When using a '''swap file''' that is not on the root filesystem, localmount service must be configured to be a dependency of swap service.</td> | |||
</tr><tr> | </tr><tr> | ||
<td>{{c|profiles}}</td> | <td>{{c|profiles}}</td> | ||
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{{Warning|It's important to edit your {{c|/etc/fstab}} file before you reboot! You will need to modify both the "fs" and "type" columns to match the settings for your partitions and filesystems that you created with {{c|gdisk}} or {{c|fdisk}}. Skipping this step may prevent Funtoo Linux from booting successfully.}} | {{Warning|It's important to edit your {{c|/etc/fstab}} file before you reboot! You will need to modify both the "fs" and "type" columns to match the settings for your partitions and filesystems that you created with {{c|gdisk}} or {{c|fdisk}}. Skipping this step may prevent Funtoo Linux from booting successfully.}} | ||
==== /etc/localtime ==== | ==== /etc/localtime ==== | ||
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{{console|body= | {{console|body= | ||
%chroot% ##i##rm -f /etc/localtime | |||
%chroot% ##i##ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/MST7MDT /etc/localtime | |||
}} | }} | ||
The above sets the timezone to Mountain Standard Time (with daylight savings). Type {{c|ls /usr/share/zoneinfo}} to list available timezones. There are also sub-directories containing timezones described by location. | The above sets the timezone to Mountain Standard Time (with daylight savings). Type {{c|ls /usr/share/zoneinfo}} to list available timezones. There are also sub-directories containing timezones described by location. | ||
==== /etc/conf.d/hwclock ==== | |||
==== /etc/conf.d/hwclock ==== | |||
If you dual-boot with Windows, you'll need to edit this file and change the value of '''clock''' from '''UTC''' to '''local''', because Windows will set your hardware clock to local time every time you boot Windows. Otherwise you normally wouldn't need to edit this file. | If you dual-boot with Windows, you'll need to edit this file and change the value of '''clock''' from '''UTC''' to '''local''', because Windows will set your hardware clock to local time every time you boot Windows. Otherwise you normally wouldn't need to edit this file. | ||
{{console|body= | {{console|body= | ||
%chroot% ##i##nano -w /etc/conf.d/hwclock | |||
}} | }} | ||
==== Localization ==== | ==== Localization ==== | ||
By default, Funtoo Linux is configured with Unicode (UTF-8) enabled, and for the US English locale and keyboard. If you would like to configure your system to use a non-English locale or keyboard, see [[Funtoo Linux Localization]]. | By default, Funtoo Linux is configured with Unicode (UTF-8) enabled, and for the US English locale and keyboard. If you would like to configure your system to use a non-English locale or keyboard, see [[Funtoo Linux Localization]]. | ||
<noinclude>{{InstallNavigation|num=11|prev=Download Portage Tree|next=Introducing Portage|align=right}}</noinclude> | |||
Latest revision as of 16:35, March 21, 2024
Install Guide: Configuration Files
| Install Guide, Chapter 11 | < Prev | Next > |
As is expected from a Linux distribution, Funtoo Linux has its share of configuration files. The one file you are absolutely required to edit in order to ensure that Funtoo Linux boots successfully is /etc/fstab. The others are optional.
Using Nano
The default editor included in the chroot environment is called nano. To edit one of the files below, run nano as follows:
chroot # nano -w /etc/fstab
When in the editor, you can use arrow keys to move the cursor, and common keys like backspace and delete will work as expected. To save the file, press Control-X, and answer y when prompted to save the modified buffer if you would like to save your changes.
We will edit the /etc/fstab file later, when we set up the boot loader.
Configuration Files
Here are a full list of files that you may want to edit, depending on your needs:
| File | Do I need to change it? | Description |
|---|---|---|
/etc/fstab |
YES - required | Mount points for all filesystems to be used at boot time. This file must reflect your disk partition setup. We'll guide you through modifying this file below. |
/etc/localtime |
Maybe - recommended | Your timezone, which will default to UTC if not set. This should be a symbolic link to something located under /usr/share/zoneinfo (e.g. /usr/share/zoneinfo/America/Montreal) |
/etc/make.conf |
NO - not required or recommended | Unlike Gentoo, it is normal and correct for this file to be empty in Funtoo Linux, as settings have been migrated to our enhanced profile system. Adding settings from this file will cause your system to be considered a non-standard setup and not officially supported. If you feel you need to add something to this file, be sure to ask on Discord for guidance. You probably don't. |
/etc/hosts |
No | You no longer need to manually set the hostname in this file. This file is automatically generated by /etc/init.d/hostname. |
/etc/conf.d/hostname |
Maybe - recommended | Used to set system hostname. Set the hostname variable to the fully-qualified (with dots, ie. foo.funtoo.org) name if you have one. Otherwise, set to the local system hostname (without dots, ie. foo). Defaults to localhost if not set. |
/etc/conf.d/keymaps |
Optional | Keyboard mapping configuration file (for console pseudo-terminals). Set if you have a non-US keyboard. See Funtoo Linux Localization. |
/etc/conf.d/hwclock |
Optional | How the time of the battery-backed hardware clock of the system is interpreted (UTC or local time). Linux uses the battery-backed hardware clock to initialize the system clock when the system is booted. |
/etc/conf.d/modules |
Optional | Kernel modules to load automatically at system startup. Typically not required. See Additional Kernel Resources for more info. |
/etc/conf.d/consolefont |
Optional | Allows you to specify the default console font. To apply this font, enable the consolefont service by running rc-update add consolefont. |
/etc/conf.d/swap |
Optional | When using a swap file that is not on the root filesystem, localmount service must be configured to be a dependency of swap service. |
profiles |
Optional | Some useful portage settings that may help speed up intial configuration. |
If you're installing an English version of Funtoo Linux, you're in luck, as most of the configuration files can be used as-is. If you're installing for another locale, don't worry. We will walk you through the necessary configuration steps on the Funtoo Linux Localization page, and if needed, there's always plenty of friendly, helpful support available. (See Getting Help)
Let's go ahead and see what we have to do. Use nano -w <name_of_file> to edit files -- the "-w" argument disables word-wrapping, which is handy when editing configuration files. You can copy and paste from the examples.
Warning
It's important to edit your /etc/fstab file before you reboot! You will need to modify both the "fs" and "type" columns to match the settings for your partitions and filesystems that you created with gdisk or fdisk. Skipping this step may prevent Funtoo Linux from booting successfully.
/etc/localtime
/etc/localtime is used to specify the timezone that your machine is in, and defaults to UTC. If you would like your Funtoo Linux system to use local time, you should replace /etc/localtime with a symbolic link to the timezone that you wish to use.
chroot # rm -f /etc/localtime chroot # ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/MST7MDT /etc/localtime
The above sets the timezone to Mountain Standard Time (with daylight savings). Type ls /usr/share/zoneinfo to list available timezones. There are also sub-directories containing timezones described by location.
/etc/conf.d/hwclock
If you dual-boot with Windows, you'll need to edit this file and change the value of clock from UTC to local, because Windows will set your hardware clock to local time every time you boot Windows. Otherwise you normally wouldn't need to edit this file.
chroot # nano -w /etc/conf.d/hwclock
Localization
By default, Funtoo Linux is configured with Unicode (UTF-8) enabled, and for the US English locale and keyboard. If you would like to configure your system to use a non-English locale or keyboard, see Funtoo Linux Localization.
| Install Guide, Chapter 11 | < Prev | Next > |