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Difference between revisions of "X Window System"
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=== X.Org Kits === <!--T:1--> | |||
=== X.Org Kits === | |||
<!--T:2--> | |||
Funtoo Linux currently (as of 1.3-release) has xorg-server 1.20. | Funtoo Linux currently (as of 1.3-release) has xorg-server 1.20. | ||
=== X.Org === | === X.Org === <!--T:3--> | ||
<!--T:4--> | |||
In order to use a graphical environment it's necessary to install X.Org, which is an implementation of the X Window system. | In order to use a graphical environment it's necessary to install X.Org, which is an implementation of the X Window system. | ||
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Before we start it's a good idea to make sure that your system is configured correctly. If you've installed your kernel using the <code>binary</code> USE flag, chances are that your video card is already supported. See [[Video]] for more information onthis. | Before we start it's a good idea to make sure that your system is configured correctly. If you've installed your kernel using the <code>binary</code> USE flag, chances are that your video card is already supported. See [[Video]] for more information onthis. | ||
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You should also find your IP address, because if X freezes and you need to get out of it, the safest way is to SSH in from another computer/smartphone/tablet and issue | You should also find your IP address, because if X freezes and you need to get out of it, the safest way is to SSH in from another computer/smartphone/tablet and issue | ||
{{console|body= | {{console|body= | ||
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}} | }} | ||
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In order for Portage to know which [[Video | video]] card(s) you want to support, you'll need to add a line to your <code>[[make.conf | make.conf]]</code>. | In order for Portage to know which [[Video | video]] card(s) you want to support, you'll need to add a line to your <code>[[make.conf | make.conf]]</code>. | ||
{{console|body= | {{console|body= | ||
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}} | }} | ||
For Intel integrated graphics, add the following to {{c|/etc/make.conf}}: | |||
{{file|name=/etc/make.conf|body= | |||
VIDEO_CARDS="intel i965 i915" | |||
}} | |||
For NVIDIA-based systems, use the following: | |||
{{file|name=/etc/make.conf|body= | |||
VIDEO_CARDS="nvidia" | |||
}} | |||
For Radeon-based systems, add the following: | |||
{{file|name=/etc/make.conf|body= | |||
VIDEO_CARDS="amdgpu radeonsi" | |||
}} | |||
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Examples of valid entries include <code>radeon</code> for AMD Radeon cards, and <code>nouveau</code> or <code>nvidia</code> for NVIDIA cards, and <code>virtualbox</code> if the installation is made through Virtualbox virtual machine. {{c|fbdev}} can be used if you simply want to use the Linux framebuffer video. If you haven't yet switched to the <code>desktop</code> profile it's a good idea to do it now. | |||
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Next comes the actual installation: | Next comes the actual installation: | ||
{{console|body= | {{console|body= | ||
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}} | }} | ||
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Now we need to test to make sure X.Org is working properly. To test it we will install twm, a simple window manager which has traditionally served as the standard window manager for X.Org. In Funtoo Linux it is included in the core X.Org meta-package <code>x11-apps/xinit</code>, but is not installed by default. | Now we need to test to make sure X.Org is working properly. To test it we will install twm, a simple window manager which has traditionally served as the standard window manager for X.Org. In Funtoo Linux it is included in the core X.Org meta-package <code>x11-apps/xinit</code>, but is not installed by default. | ||
<!--T:11--> | |||
It is possible to install twm directly by merging <code>x11-wm/twm</code> but for the sake of this tutorial we will install the meta-package, which includes a few extra utilities which may come in handy. There are two ways to do this depending on whether you want it to be installed temporarily or permanently. If you just want it to test X.Org use the following command: | It is possible to install twm directly by merging <code>x11-wm/twm</code> but for the sake of this tutorial we will install the meta-package, which includes a few extra utilities which may come in handy. There are two ways to do this depending on whether you want it to be installed temporarily or permanently. If you just want it to test X.Org use the following command: | ||
{{console|body= | {{console|body= | ||
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}} | }} | ||
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The <code>minimal</code> USE flag is used in some ebuilds to install the bare minimum needed to get a working system. By passing <code>USE="-minimal"</code> to the command line before <code>emerge</code>, we are telling Portage to disable the flag and install the complete package. The <code>-1</code> (<code>--oneshot</code>) following <code>emerge</code> tells Portage not to add the package to [[#Updating your system|<code>world</code>]]. This is useful when installing packages which are automatically pulled in as dependencies by other packages. | The <code>minimal</code> USE flag is used in some ebuilds to install the bare minimum needed to get a working system. By passing <code>USE="-minimal"</code> to the command line before <code>emerge</code>, we are telling Portage to disable the flag and install the complete package. The <code>-1</code> (<code>--oneshot</code>) following <code>emerge</code> tells Portage not to add the package to [[#Updating your system|<code>world</code>]]. This is useful when installing packages which are automatically pulled in as dependencies by other packages. | ||
<!--T:13--> | |||
If you want the package installed permanently you will need to add a line to <code>package.use</code>: | If you want the package installed permanently you will need to add a line to <code>package.use</code>: | ||
{{console|body= | {{console|body= | ||
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}} | }} | ||
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Next we reinstall <code>x11-apps/xinit</code>: | Next we reinstall <code>x11-apps/xinit</code>: | ||
{{console|body= | {{console|body= | ||
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}} | }} | ||
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Once that's done, we're able to finally test X.Org: | Once that's done, we're able to finally test X.Org: | ||
<!--T:16--> | |||
{{console|body= | {{console|body= | ||
# ##i##startx | # ##i##startx | ||
}} | }} | ||
<!--T:17--> | |||
If everything is well, a simple GUI along with an analog clock and a terminal will appear. | If everything is well, a simple GUI along with an analog clock and a terminal will appear. | ||
====Keyboard/Mouse==== | ====Keyboard/Mouse==== <!--T:18--> | ||
<!--T:19--> | |||
If you have no keyboard/mouse input in x11, check if your kernel supports dev | If you have no keyboard/mouse input in x11, check if your kernel supports dev | ||
{{console|body= | {{console|body= | ||
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# ##i##emerge xf86-input-evdev | # ##i##emerge xf86-input-evdev | ||
}} | }} | ||
</translate> | |||
[[Category:First Steps]] | [[Category:First Steps]] | ||
[[Category:Articles]] | [[Category:Articles]] | ||
Latest revision as of 06:46, May 26, 2019
X.Org Kits
Funtoo Linux currently (as of 1.3-release) has xorg-server 1.20.
X.Org
In order to use a graphical environment it's necessary to install X.Org, which is an implementation of the X Window system.
Before we start it's a good idea to make sure that your system is configured correctly. If you've installed your kernel using the binary USE flag, chances are that your video card is already supported. See Video for more information onthis.
You should also find your IP address, because if X freezes and you need to get out of it, the safest way is to SSH in from another computer/smartphone/tablet and issue
root # killall X
In order for Portage to know which video card(s) you want to support, you'll need to add a line to your make.conf.
root # nano -w /etc/portage/make.conf ... VIDEO_CARDS="intel"
For Intel integrated graphics, add the following to /etc/make.conf:
/etc/make.conf VIDEO_CARDS="intel i965 i915"
For NVIDIA-based systems, use the following:
/etc/make.conf VIDEO_CARDS="nvidia"
For Radeon-based systems, add the following:
/etc/make.conf VIDEO_CARDS="amdgpu radeonsi"
Examples of valid entries include radeon for AMD Radeon cards, and nouveau or nvidia for NVIDIA cards, and virtualbox if the installation is made through Virtualbox virtual machine. fbdev can be used if you simply want to use the Linux framebuffer video. If you haven't yet switched to the desktop profile it's a good idea to do it now.
Next comes the actual installation:
root # emerge xorg-x11
Now we need to test to make sure X.Org is working properly. To test it we will install twm, a simple window manager which has traditionally served as the standard window manager for X.Org. In Funtoo Linux it is included in the core X.Org meta-package x11-apps/xinit, but is not installed by default.
It is possible to install twm directly by merging x11-wm/twm but for the sake of this tutorial we will install the meta-package, which includes a few extra utilities which may come in handy. There are two ways to do this depending on whether you want it to be installed temporarily or permanently. If you just want it to test X.Org use the following command:
root # USE="-minimal" emerge -1 xinit
The minimal USE flag is used in some ebuilds to install the bare minimum needed to get a working system. By passing USE="-minimal" to the command line before emerge, we are telling Portage to disable the flag and install the complete package. The -1 (--oneshot) following emerge tells Portage not to add the package to world. This is useful when installing packages which are automatically pulled in as dependencies by other packages.
If you want the package installed permanently you will need to add a line to package.use:
root # echo 'x11-apps/xinit -minimal' >> /etc/portage/package.use
Next we reinstall x11-apps/xinit:
root # emerge -1N xinit
Once that's done, we're able to finally test X.Org:
root # startx
If everything is well, a simple GUI along with an analog clock and a terminal will appear.
Keyboard/Mouse
If you have no keyboard/mouse input in x11, check if your kernel supports dev
root # zgrep EVDEV /proc/config.gz
if your output is:
CONFIG_INPUT_EVDEV=y
Install xf86-input-evdev
root # emerge xf86-input-evdev