Difference between revisions of "UEFI Install Guide"

Latest revision as of 18:15, January 5, 2015

Note

This material has been integrated into the main Funtoo Linux Installation guide, so please look at that guide if you are installing Funtoo Linux. Editors: this page still contains some good content that we might want to move over there.

This tutorial will show you how to install Funtoo on a UEFI system. UEFI, also known as the Unified Extensible Firmware Interface, is a new firmware interface that is used on some newer computers as a replacement for the traditional PC BIOS. It has an integrated boot loader, so setting up booting is different.

This tutorial is meant to be an "overlay" over the Regular Funtoo Installation. Follow the normal installation and only follow steps in this tutorial when dealing with partitioning and configuring the boot loader (GRUB). All steps are otherwise identical to the regular installation process.

What Are We Doing?

This guide will show you how to set up your UEFI system to load the GRUB boot loader, which will then load your Funtoo Linux kernel and initramfs. This is the "UEFI + GRUB" method as described on the Boot Methods page.

First Steps

To install Funtoo Linux on a UEFI system, first you need to boot SysRescueCD in UEFI mode. To do this, enable UEFI in your BIOS, and if necessary disable legacy booting. After some fiddling, you should be able to boot SysRescueCD and get a black and white text menu instead of the traditional aqua/cyan-colored menu. The black and white menu indicates that you booted SysRescueCD in UEFI mode. Once you've accomplished this, you're ready to continue with your Funtoo Linux installation and partition your drive. See below for details.

Note

If the /sys/firmware/efi directory exists, then you have successfully booted in EFI mode and will be able to configure your Funtoo system to boot in EFI mode. If the directory doesn't exist, fix this first. It is a requirement for setting up EFI booting.

Partitioning

To set up your partitions for UEFI booting, you will create a ~500MB FAT32 partition on /dev/sda1, and set it to type EF00 using gdisk.

Command: n ↵
Partition Number: 1 ↵
First sector: ↵
Last sector: +500M ↵
Hex Code: EF00

This partition will serve as your Funtoo /boot filesystem as well as the partition that the UEFI firmware can read to load GRUB. Then you will set up swap on /dev/sda2 and your root filesystem on /dev/sda3. To create the FAT32 filesystem, type:

root # mkfs.vfat -F 32 /dev/sda1

Your /etc/fstab entry for this filesystem will also differ, and will look like this:

/dev/sda1		/boot		vfat		noatime	1 2

Kernel

VFAT

Make sure you add VFAT support to your kernel if you are building it manually.

EFI Framebuffer

If you have the following option enabled in your kernel, then uvesafb and efifb will not be able to detect the framebuffer:

Under Bus options (PCI etc.):

[*] Mark VGA/VBE/EFI FB as generic system framebuffer (NEW)

If you have that option enabled, you must also enable:

Under Device Drivers-->Graphics support-->Frame buffer Devices:

[*]   Simple framebuffer support

This is the preferred method of using the EFI framebuffer, the efifb and uvesafb drivers will be used as a fallback if the above is not compatible.

Known Issues

With pure UEFI boot mode, with legacy mode disabled, following error expected:
- video driver not supported, boot hangs, hard reboot required.
Choose UEFI first, next legacy driver. It depends on motherboard vendor and efi bios version.
- In UEFI bios choose grub option, if your succeeded with above guide, additional menu should appear in Boot Menu, otherwise it boots into EFI shell: grub:NAME of you hard drive
On some systems, installing the packages that are required for UEFI booting with any gcc later than a 4.x.x release may lead to a black screen after the GRUB screen. To fix this, before you begin installing any packages on your system, emerge =gcc-4.6.4-r2 and proceed with the installation as usual. Remember to switch your compiler back to the version of gcc that came with your system after you have finished installing. To do this, use gcc-config 2.

Done!

Remember to follow all other steps in the regular Funtoo Install Guide. Assuming you did everything correctly, your system should now boot via UEFI! We will be adding UEFI support to boot-update soon to make this process easier.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-This tutorial will show you how to install Funtoo on a UEFI system. UEFI, also known as the [[Wikipedia:Unified Extensible Firmware Interface|Unified Extensible Firmware Interface]], is a new firmware interface that is used on some newer computers as a replacement for the traditional PC BIOS. It has an integrated boot loader, so setting up booting is different.
+{{Note|This material has been integrated into the main [[Funtoo Linux Installation]] guide, so please look at that guide if you are installing Funtoo Linux. Editors: this page still contains some good content that we might want to move over there.}}
+This tutorial will show you how to install Funtoo on a UEFI system. UEFI, also known as the [[Wikipedia:Unified Extensible Firmware Interface|Unified Extensible Firmware Interface]], is a new firmware interface that is used on some newer computers as a replacement for the traditional PC BIOS. It has an integrated boot loader, so setting up booting is different.
 This tutorial is meant to be an "overlay" over the Regular Funtoo Installation. Follow the normal installation and only follow steps in this tutorial when dealing with partitioning and configuring the boot loader (GRUB). All steps are otherwise identical to the regular installation process.
@@ Line 10: / Line 12: @@
 To install Funtoo Linux on a UEFI system, first you need to boot SysRescueCD in UEFI mode. To do this, enable UEFI in your BIOS, and if necessary disable legacy booting. After some fiddling, you should be able to boot SysRescueCD and get a black and white text menu instead of the traditional aqua/cyan-colored menu. The black and white menu indicates that you booted SysRescueCD in UEFI mode. Once you've accomplished this, you're ready to continue with your Funtoo Linux installation and partition your drive. See below for details.
+{{fancynote|If the <tt>/sys/firmware/efi</tt> directory exists, then you have successfully booted in EFI mode and will be able to configure your Funtoo system to boot in EFI mode. If the directory doesn't exist, fix this first. It is a requirement for setting up EFI booting.}}
 == Partitioning ==
@@ Line 35: / Line 39: @@
 </pre>
-Make sure you add VFAT support to your kernel if you are building it manually.
+== Kernel ==
-== Boot Loader ==
+=== VFAT ===
-=== Emerging GRUB ===
+Make sure you add VFAT support to your kernel if you are building it manually.
-You will still use GRUB as a boot loader, but before emerging grub, you will need to enable EFI booting. To do this,
+=== EFI Framebuffer ===
-add the following line to <tt>/etc/portage/make.conf</tt>:
-<pre>
+If you have the following option enabled in your kernel, then uvesafb and efifb will not be able to detect the framebuffer:
-GRUB_PLATFORMS="efi-64"
-</pre>
-Then, <tt>emerge grub</tt>. You will notice <tt>efibootmgr</tt> getting pulled in as a dependency. This is expected and good.
-=== Installing GRUB ===
+{{kernelop|title=Bus options (PCI etc.)|desc=
+    [*] Mark VGA/VBE/EFI FB as generic system framebuffer (NEW)
+}}
-Now, for the magic of getting everything in place for booting. You should copy your kernel and initramfs (if you have one -- you will if you are following the default install) to <tt>/boot</tt>. GRUB will boot those. But how do we get UEFI to boot GRUB? Well, we need to run the following command:
+If you have that option enabled, ''you must also enable'':
-<console>
+{{kernelop|title=Device Drivers,Graphics support,Frame buffer Devices|desc=
-# ##i##grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot /dev/sda
+     [*]   Simple framebuffer support
-</console>
+}}
-This command will simply install all the stuff to <tt>/boot/EFI</tt> and <tt>/boot/grub</tt> that your system needs to boot. In particular, the <tt>/boot/EFI/grub/grubx64.efi</tt> file will be created. This is the GRUB boot image that UEFI will load and start.
-=== Configuring GRUB ===
-OK, now UEFI has the GRUB image it needs to boot. But we still need to configure GRUB itself so it finds and boots your kernel and initramfs. This is done by performing the following steps.
-Next, since boot-update doesn't yet support UEFI, we will not use boot-update directly and will create a <tt>/boot/grub/grub.cfg</tt> file manually that looks like this:
-<pre>
-set timeout=3
-set gfxmode=auto
-insmod efi_gop
-insmod efi_uga
-menuentry "Funtoo Linux genkernel - kernel-debian-sources-x86_64-3.2.35-2" {
-    insmod part_gpt
-    insmod fat
-    set root=(hostdisk//dev/sda,gpt1)
-    search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set __REPLACE_UUID_OF_SDA1__
-    linux /kernel-debian-sources-x86_64-3.2.35-2 real_root=/dev/sda3
-     initrd /initramfs-debian-sources-x86_64-3.2.35-2
-    set gfxpayload=keep
-}
-set default=0
-</pre>
-Note the <tt>search</tt> line where it says <tt>__REPLACE_UUID_OF_SDA1__</tt> above. You will need to run <tt>blkid /dev/sda1</tt> and use the UUID value that is displayed. For example, on my system, I need to use <tt>C34B-19CF</tt>. You can also change the <tt>menuentry</tt> line text in quotes to say whatever you want, and the <tt>linux</tt> and <tt>initrd</tt> lines should reference your kernel versions in <tt>/boot</tt>. As above, use the path <tt>/</tt> instead of <tt>/boot</tt> as the path should be relative to the root of the VFAT filesystem.
+This is the preferred method of using the EFI framebuffer, the efifb and uvesafb drivers will be used as a fallback if the above is not compatible.
 == Known Issues ==
-With pure UEFI boot mode, with legacy mode disabled, following error expected:
+*With pure UEFI boot mode, with legacy mode disabled, following error expected:
-* video driver not supported, boot hangs, hard reboot required.
+** video driver not supported, boot hangs, hard reboot required.
-Choose UEFI first, next legacy driver. It depends on motherboard vendor and efi bios version.
+*Choose UEFI first, next legacy driver. It depends on motherboard vendor and efi bios version.
-In UEFI bios choose grub option, if your succeeded with above guide, additional menu should appear in Boot Menu, otherwise it boots into EFI shell:
+**In UEFI bios choose grub option, if your succeeded with above guide, additional menu should appear in Boot Menu, otherwise it boots into EFI shell: <code>grub:NAME of you hard drive</code>
-* grub:NAME of you hard drive
+* On some systems, installing the packages that are required for UEFI booting with any gcc later than a 4.x.x release may lead to a black screen after the GRUB screen. To fix this, before you begin installing any packages on your system, emerge =gcc-4.6.4-r2 and proceed with the installation as usual. Remember to switch your compiler back to the version of gcc that came with your system after you have finished installing. To do this, use <code>gcc-config 2</code>.
 === Done! ===
 Remember to follow all other steps in the regular Funtoo Install Guide. Assuming you did everything correctly, your system should now boot via UEFI! We will be adding UEFI support to boot-update soon to make this process easier.
+[[Category:HOWTO]]