Latest revision as of 05:38, January 25, 2015

Sudo

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sudo allows privilege escalation for non root users to perform restricted actions while in a locked down user environment.

Emerge

root # emerge sudo

Configuration

/etc/sudoers.d/

Instead of editing /etc/sudoers, you may drop individual configuration files into the /etc/sudoers.d/ directory

Passwordless Sudoer

The sudo configuration file is located @ /etc/sudoers. When editing this file be very careful to not introduce syntax errors. Several other linux distributions use visudo to edit /etc/sudoers.

user $ su -c 'nano /etc/sudoers'

/etc/sudoers - uncomment wheel group no password sudo

%wheel ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

Add your user to the wheel group to enable sudo:

user $ su -c 'gpasswd -a $USER wheel'

Either log out, and in again or restart:

user $ su -c 'shutdown -r now'

Disabling Root Access By Password

To better secure a system, one may desire to disable root logins by password.

user $ sudo passwd -ld root

to access root:

user $ sudo su

Root can also be accessed by logging in via ssh keys, or as a restricted user then sudo su as above.

Bash Completion

Users that want bash completion with sudo need to run this once.

user $ echo "complete -cf sudo" >> $HOME/.bashrc

Passing Environment Variables

To pass environment variables to the temporary root use the -E flag.

user $ sudo -E echo 'hello world'

Passing Aliases

If your user has aliases you wish to use under sudo you must alias sudo with a space first:

user $ echo "alias sudo='sudo '" >> $HOME/.bashrc

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 |Homepage=http://www.sudo.ws/
 }}
+{{PageNeedsUpdates}}
 sudo allows privilege escalation for non root users to perform restricted actions while in a locked down user environment.
@@ Line 11: / Line 12: @@
 ==== Configuration ====
-===== Passwordless =====
+===== /etc/sudoers.d/ =====
-The sudo configuration file is located @ {{f|/etc/sudoers}}.
+Instead of editing {{f|/etc/sudoers}}, you may drop individual configuration files into the {{f|/etc/sudoers.d/}} directory
-{{Console|body=$##i##su -c 'nano /etc/sudoers'}}
+===== Passwordless Sudoer =====
+The sudo configuration file is located @ {{f|/etc/sudoers}}.  When editing this file be very careful to not introduce syntax errors.  Several other linux distributions use {{c|visudo}} to edit {{f|/etc/sudoers}}.
-Remove the # in the line....
+{{Console|body=$##i## su -c 'nano /etc/sudoers'}}
+{{file|name=/etc/sudoers|lang=|desc=uncomment wheel group no password sudo|body=
 %wheel ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL
+}}
 Add your user to the wheel group to enable sudo:
@@ Line 31: / Line 35: @@
 To better secure a system, one may desire to disable root logins by password.
-{{console|body= ###i## passwd --lock root}}
+{{console|body= $##i## sudo passwd -ld root}}
 to access root:
@@ Line 44: / Line 48: @@
 {{console|body=$##i## echo "complete -cf sudo" >> $HOME/.bashrc}}
+==== Passing Environment Variables ====
+To pass environment variables to the temporary root use the -E flag.
+{{console|body=$##i## sudo -E echo 'hello world'}}
+==== Passing Aliases ====
+If your user has aliases you wish to use under sudo you must alias sudo with a space first:
+{{console|body=$##i## echo "alias sudo='sudo '" >> $HOME/.bashrc}}
 {{EbuildFooter}}

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