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Difference between revisions of "Install/MBR Partitioning"

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<translate>
<translate>
<!--T:1-->
{{InstallNavigation|num=3|prev=Prepare Disk|next=GPT Partitioning|title=MBR Partitioning}}
{{InstallNavigation|num=3|prev=Prepare Disk|next=GPT Partitioning|title=MBR Partitioning}}


==== Legacy (BIOS/MBR) Method ====  
==== Legacy (BIOS/MBR) Method ==== <!--T:2-->


<!--T:3-->
{{Note|Use this method if you are booting using your BIOS, and if your System Rescue CD initial boot menu was light blue. If you're going to use the UEFI/GPT disk format, then please proceed to the next section.}}
{{Note|Use this method if you are booting using your BIOS, and if your System Rescue CD initial boot menu was light blue. If you're going to use the UEFI/GPT disk format, then please proceed to the next section.}}


<!--T:4-->
First, it's a good idea to make sure that you've found the correct hard disk to partition. Try this command and verify that {{f|/dev/sda}} is the disk that you want to partition:
First, it's a good idea to make sure that you've found the correct hard disk to partition. Try this command and verify that {{f|/dev/sda}} is the disk that you want to partition:


<!--T:5-->
{{console|body=
{{console|body=
###i## fdisk -l /dev/sda
###i## fdisk -l /dev/sda


<!--T:6-->
Disk /dev/sda: 640.1 GB, 640135028736 bytes, 1250263728 sectors
Disk /dev/sda: 640.1 GB, 640135028736 bytes, 1250263728 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
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Disk label type: gpt
Disk label type: gpt


<!--T:7-->
#        Start          End    Size  Type            Name
#        Start          End    Size  Type            Name
  1        2048  1250263694  596.2G  Linux filesyste Linux filesystem
  1        2048  1250263694  596.2G  Linux filesyste Linux filesystem
}}
}}


<!--T:8-->
Now, it is recommended that you erase any existing MBR or GPT partition tables on the disk, which could confuse the system's BIOS at boot time. We accomplish this using {{c|sgdisk}}:
Now, it is recommended that you erase any existing MBR or GPT partition tables on the disk, which could confuse the system's BIOS at boot time. We accomplish this using {{c|sgdisk}}:


<!--T:9-->
{{Warning|This will make any existing partitions inaccessible! You are '''strongly''' cautioned and advised to backup any critical data before proceeding.}}
{{Warning|This will make any existing partitions inaccessible! You are '''strongly''' cautioned and advised to backup any critical data before proceeding.}}


<!--T:10-->
{{console|body=
{{console|body=
###i## sgdisk --zap-all /dev/sda
###i## sgdisk --zap-all /dev/sda


<!--T:11-->
Creating new GPT entries.
Creating new GPT entries.
GPT data structures destroyed! You may now partition the disk using fdisk or
GPT data structures destroyed! You may now partition the disk using fdisk or
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}}
}}


<!--T:12-->
This output is also nothing to worry about, as the command still succeeded:
This output is also nothing to worry about, as the command still succeeded:


<!--T:13-->
{{console|body=
{{console|body=
***************************************************************
***************************************************************
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}}
}}


<!--T:14-->
Now we will use {{c|fdisk}} to create the MBR partition table and partitions:
Now we will use {{c|fdisk}} to create the MBR partition table and partitions:


<!--T:15-->
{{console|body=
{{console|body=
###i## fdisk /dev/sda
###i## fdisk /dev/sda
}}
}}


<!--T:16-->
Within {{c|fdisk}}, follow these steps:
Within {{c|fdisk}}, follow these steps:


<!--T:17-->
'''Empty the partition table''':
'''Empty the partition table''':


<!--T:18-->
{{console|body=
{{console|body=
Command (m for help): ##i##o ↵
Command (m for help): ##i##o ↵
}}
}}


<!--T:19-->
'''Create Partition 1''' (boot):
'''Create Partition 1''' (boot):


<!--T:20-->
{{console|body=
{{console|body=
Command (m for help): ##i##n ↵
Command (m for help): ##i##n ↵
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}}
}}


<!--T:21-->
'''Create Partition 2''' (swap):
'''Create Partition 2''' (swap):


<!--T:22-->
{{console|body=
{{console|body=
Command (m for help): ##i##n ↵
Command (m for help): ##i##n ↵
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}}
}}


<!--T:23-->
'''Create the root partition:'''
'''Create the root partition:'''


<!--T:24-->
{{console|body=
{{console|body=
Command (m for help): ##i##n ↵
Command (m for help): ##i##n ↵
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}}
}}


<!--T:25-->
'''Verify the partition table:'''
'''Verify the partition table:'''


<!--T:26-->
{{console|body=
{{console|body=
Command (m for help): ##i##p
Command (m for help): ##i##p


<!--T:27-->
Disk /dev/sda: 298.1 GiB, 320072933376 bytes, 625142448 sectors
Disk /dev/sda: 298.1 GiB, 320072933376 bytes, 625142448 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
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Disk identifier: 0x82abc9a6
Disk identifier: 0x82abc9a6


<!--T:28-->
Device    Boot    Start      End    Blocks  Id System
Device    Boot    Start      End    Blocks  Id System
/dev/sda1          2048    264191    131072  83 Linux
/dev/sda1          2048    264191    131072  83 Linux
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}}
}}


<!--T:29-->
'''Write the partition table to disk:'''
'''Write the partition table to disk:'''


<!--T:30-->
{{console|body=Command (m for help): ##i##w}}
{{console|body=Command (m for help): ##i##w}}


<!--T:31-->
Your new MBR partition table will now be written to your system disk.
Your new MBR partition table will now be written to your system disk.


<!--T:32-->
{{Note|You're done with partitioning! Now, jump over to [[{{BASEPAGENAME}}#Creating filesystems|Creating filesystems]].}}
{{Note|You're done with partitioning! Now, jump over to [[{{BASEPAGENAME}}#Creating filesystems|Creating filesystems]].}}
</translate>
</translate>

Revision as of 21:19, September 11, 2018

Install Guide, Chapter 3 < Prev Next >

Legacy (BIOS/MBR) Method

   Note

Use this method if you are booting using your BIOS, and if your System Rescue CD initial boot menu was light blue. If you're going to use the UEFI/GPT disk format, then please proceed to the next section.

First, it's a good idea to make sure that you've found the correct hard disk to partition. Try this command and verify that /dev/sda is the disk that you want to partition: 

root # fdisk -l /dev/sda

Disk /dev/sda: 640.1 GB, 640135028736 bytes, 1250263728 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: gpt

root #         Start          End    Size  Type            Name
 1         2048   1250263694  596.2G  Linux filesyste Linux filesystem

Now, it is recommended that you erase any existing MBR or GPT partition tables on the disk, which could confuse the system's BIOS at boot time. We accomplish this using sgdisk:

   Warning

This will make any existing partitions inaccessible! You are strongly cautioned and advised to backup any critical data before proceeding. 

root # sgdisk --zap-all /dev/sda

Creating new GPT entries.
GPT data structures destroyed! You may now partition the disk using fdisk or
other utilities.

This output is also nothing to worry about, as the command still succeeded: 

***************************************************************
Found invalid GPT and valid MBR; converting MBR to GPT format
in memory. 
***************************************************************

Now we will use fdisk to create the MBR partition table and partitions: 

root # fdisk /dev/sda

Within fdisk, follow these steps:

Empty the partition table: 

Command (m for help): o ↵

Create Partition 1 (boot): 

Command (m for help): n ↵
Partition type (default p): ↵
Partition number (1-4, default 1): ↵
First sector: ↵
Last sector: +128M ↵

Create Partition 2 (swap): 

Command (m for help): n ↵
Partition type (default p): ↵
Partition number (2-4, default 2): ↵
First sector: ↵
Last sector: +2G ↵
Command (m for help): t ↵ 
Partition number (1,2, default 2):  ↵
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 82 ↵

Create the root partition: 

Command (m for help): n ↵
Partition type (default p): ↵
Partition number (3,4, default 3): ↵
First sector: ↵
Last sector: ↵

Verify the partition table: 

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sda: 298.1 GiB, 320072933376 bytes, 625142448 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x82abc9a6

Device    Boot     Start       End    Blocks  Id System
/dev/sda1           2048    264191    131072  83 Linux
/dev/sda2         264192   4458495   2097152  82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3        4458496 625142447 310341976  83 Linux

Write the partition table to disk: 

Command (m for help): w

Your new MBR partition table will now be written to your system disk.

   Note

You're done with partitioning! Now, jump over to Creating filesystems.

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