Install/Network/es

Guia de Instalación: Redes

Install Guide, Chapter 15

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Es importante asegurarse de que podrá conectarse a su red de área local después de reiniciar en Funtoo Linux. Hay tres opciones que puede usar para configurar su red: NetworkManager, dhcpcd, y los scripts Funtoo Linux Networking. A continuación, le indicamos cómo elegir cuál utilizar según el tipo de red que desee configurar.

Wi-Fi

Para sistemas portátiles/móviles en los que utilizará Wi-Fi, itinerancia o "roaming" y conexión a varias redes, se recomienda encarecidamente NetworkManager. Dado que las tarjetas Wi-Fi requieren firmware para funcionar, también se recomienda que haga emerge del linux-firmware:

(chroot) # emerge linux-firmware networkmanager

Dependiendo de su arquitectura, ahora puede ver un mensaje similar al siguiente:

The following USE changes are necessary to proceed
...

Esto significa que sus indicadores USE deben actualizarse para permitir esta instalación. Por ahora, puedes dejar que Portage maneje esto por ti agregando la bandera --autounmask-write:

(chroot) # emerge linux-firmware networkmanager --autounmask-write

Despues de esto, actualize la configuracion:

(chroot) # dispatch-conf

Acepte la nueva configuracion presionando u. Ahora, puede proceder a instalar NetworkManager:

(chroot) # emerge linux-firmware networkmanager
(chroot) # rc-update add NetworkManager default

El comando anterior asegurará que NetworkManager se inicie después de que arranque en Funtoo Linux. Una vez que haya completado estos pasos de instalación y haya iniciado el arranque en Funtoo Linux, puede usar el comando nmtui (que tiene una interfaz basada en consola fácil de usar) para configurar NetworkManager para que se conecte ( y reconectarse automáticamente, después de reiniciar) a un punto de acceso Wi-Fi:

root # nmtui

For more information about NetworkManager, see the NetworkManager package page.

   Note

wpa_supplicant is also a good choice for wireless network connections. See the net-wireless/wpa_supplicant package for steps involved in setting up wpa_supplicant.

Desktop (Wired DHCP)

For a home desktop or workstation with wired Ethernet that will use DHCP, the simplest and most effective option to enable network connectivity is to simply add dhcpcd to the default runlevel:

(chroot) # rc-update add dhcpcd default

When you reboot, dhcpcd will run in the background and manage all network interfaces and use DHCP to acquire network addresses from a DHCP server.

If your upstream DHCP server is dnsmasq, it can be configured to assign addresses via mac address to make servers on DHCP feasible.

Server (Static IP)

For servers, the Funtoo Linux Networking scripts are recommended. They are optimized for static configurations and things like virtual ethernet bridging for virtualization setups. See Funtoo Linux Networking for information on how to use Funtoo Linux's template-based network configuration system.

Hostname

By default Funtoo uses "localhost" as hostname. Although the system will work perfectly fine using this name, some ebuilds refuse to install when detecting localhost as hostname. It also may create confusion if several systems use the same hostname. Therefore, it is advised to change it to a more meaningful name. The hostname itself is arbitrary, meaning you can choose almost any combination of characters, as long as it makes sense to the system administrator. To change the hostname, edit

(chroot) # nano /etc/conf.d/hostname

Look for the line starting with hostname and change the entry between the quotes. Save the file, on the next boot Funtoo will use the new hostname.

   Warning

Do not use special characters in the hostname, as the shell may interpret these, leading to unpredictable results. Use the Latin alphabet: a-z, A-Z, 0-9

   Tip

Use short hostnames (up to 8 or 10 characters) to prevent the terminal screen being filled with the hostname, leaving little space for the command itself. This become particularly poignant when coding long command strings in various programming languages like Bash, Python, SQL and Perl