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Difference between revisions of "Install/Bootloader/es"
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A continuación, edite {{c|/etc/boot.conf}} utilizando {{c|nano}} y especifique "{{c|Funtoo Linux genkernel}}" como la configuración {{c|default}} en la parte superior del archivo, reemplazando {{c|"Funtoo Linux"}}. | A continuación, edite {{c|/etc/boot.conf}} utilizando {{c|nano}} y especifique "{{c|Funtoo Linux genkernel}}" como la configuración {{c|default}} en la parte superior del archivo, reemplazando {{c|"Funtoo Linux"}}. | ||
==== NVIDIA | ==== Usuarios con tarjeta gráfica NVIDIA==== | ||
If you have NVIDIA graphics and plan to set up a graphical environment, you have a couple of choices when it comes to graphics drivers -- the proprietary NVIDIA drivers provided by NVIDIA corporation itself, or the Open Source Nouveau drivers. If you don't know which to choose, we recommend starting with the proprietary NVIDIA drivers first for optimal performance on a wider range of hardware. | If you have NVIDIA graphics and plan to set up a graphical environment, you have a couple of choices when it comes to graphics drivers -- the proprietary NVIDIA drivers provided by NVIDIA corporation itself, or the Open Source Nouveau drivers. If you don't know which to choose, we recommend starting with the proprietary NVIDIA drivers first for optimal performance on a wider range of hardware. |
Revision as of 04:30, February 23, 2020
Guia de Instalación: Gestor de arranque
Install Guide, Chapter 14 | < Prev | Next > |
boot.conf Configuration
Estas instrucciones de instalación le muestran cómo usar GRUB para arrancar utilizando BIOS (legacy) o UEFI.
Ego boot-update (ego boot
) se instaló de forma predeterminada, pero GRUB no, ya que no es necesario para todos los sistemas Funtoo Linux (como los contenedores, por ejemplo). Pero para el arranque desde cero es el cargador de arranque recomendado y con el mejor soporte, por lo que deberá usar "emerge" en este caso:
(chroot) # emerge -av grub
A continuación, edite /etc/boot.conf
utilizando nano
y especifique "Funtoo Linux genkernel
" como la configuración default
en la parte superior del archivo, reemplazando "Funtoo Linux"
.
Usuarios con tarjeta gráfica NVIDIA
If you have NVIDIA graphics and plan to set up a graphical environment, you have a couple of choices when it comes to graphics drivers -- the proprietary NVIDIA drivers provided by NVIDIA corporation itself, or the Open Source Nouveau drivers. If you don't know which to choose, we recommend starting with the proprietary NVIDIA drivers first for optimal performance on a wider range of hardware.
- If using proprietary NVIDIA graphics...
- It is safe to leave the
nomodeset
parameter in/etc/boot.conf
as the proprietary drivers handle setting the graphics mode themselves. However, you will need to blacklist the nouveau modules so they do not load upon boot. See the NVIDIA Linux Display Drivers page for information on how to get these drivers set up.
- If using Nouveau...
nomodeset
should be should be removed as explained in the Other Graphics Cards section below.
Other Graphics Cards
Most users, particularly those who plan on setting up a graphical environment, will want to eventually remove nomodeset
from params
in /etc/make.conf
. nomodeset
prevents the kernel from changing graphics modes at boot. This option is in /etc/boot.conf
by default for a couple of good reasons:
- For users with HiDPI (4K+) displays: when the kernel automatically changes graphics modes, the console font can be tiny and unreadable.
- For users with incompatible graphics cards: Some graphics cards don't handle mode setting properly and this can result in a blank screen after reboot.
Disabling mode setting is therefore a good, safe option for initial installs of Funtoo Linux, but most users will want to remove this option.
This is because essentially all graphics drivers (the big exception being the proprietary NVIDIA drivers) rely on mode setting to set the graphics mode of your display. So most users will need to remove it, and run ego boot update
and reboot before they set up X or Wayland. Otherwise, X will not be able to initialize the display. Of course, you can also choose to remove it now and then you won't need to remember to remove it later :)
/etc/boot.conf
Ahora debería verse así:
/etc/boot.conf
boot {
generate grub
default "Funtoo Linux genkernel"
timeout 3
}
</div>
"Funtoo Linux" {
kernel bzImage[-v]
}
"Funtoo Linux genkernel" {
kernel kernel[-v]
initrd initramfs[-v]
# IMPORTANT: Most users -- remember to REMOVE nomodeset below!
params += real_root=auto rootfstype=auto nomodeset
}
"Funtoo Linux better-initramfs" { kernel vmlinuz[-v] initrd /initramfs.cpio.gz } }}
Intel Microcode
ego boot
will ensure that you have the most recent Intel CPU microcode installed on your system if you emerge the
following packages:
chroot # emerge intel-microcode iucode_tool
This is not necessary for AMD systems.
Si está arrancando un kernel personalizado o no predeterminado, por favor lea man boot.conf
para obtener información sobre las diversas opciones disponibles.
Vieja escuela (BIOS) MBR
Cuando use el arranque de la vieja escuela o BIOS, ejecute el siguiente comando para instalar GRUB en su MBR y generar el archivo de configuración /boot/grub/grub.cfg
que GRUB utilizará para arrancar:
(chroot) # grub-install --target=i386-pc --no-floppy /dev/sda (chroot) # boot-update
Nueva escuela (UEFI) Boot Entry
Si está utilizando arranque UEFI de "nueva escuela", ejecute los siguientes conjuntos de comandos, dependiendo de si está instalando un sistema de 64-bits o 32-bits. Esto agregará GRUB como una entrada de arranque UEFI.
Para sistemas x86-64bit:
Para sistemas x86-32bit:
(chroot) # grub-install --target=i386-efi --efi-directory=/boot --bootloader-id="Funtoo Linux [GRUB]" --recheck /dev/sda (chroot) # boot-update
Primer arranque, y en el futuro...
OK -- ¡está listo para arrancar!
Solo necesita ejecutar grub-install
cuando instala Funtoo Linux por primera vez, pero necesita volver a ejecutar boot-update
cada vez que modifique el archivo /etc/boot.conf
o agregue nuevos kernels a su sistema. Esto regenerará /boot/grub/grub.cfg
para que tengas nuevos kernels disponibles en su menú de arranque de GRUB, la próxima vez que reinicie.
Install Guide, Chapter 14 | < Prev | Next > |