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Difference between revisions of "LXD/Laptop Network Setup"
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When using LXD on a laptop, having LXD manage a bridge will cause a conflict with the default route on your system which is managed by NetworkManager. This will result in your Internet connection failing. See https://bugs.funtoo.org/browse/FL-8295 for more information on the gory details if you are interested. Fortunately, there is a relatively easy way to work around this. | When using LXD on a laptop, having LXD manage a bridge will cause a conflict with the default route on your system which is managed by NetworkManager. This will result in your Internet connection failing. See https://bugs.funtoo.org/browse/FL-8295 for more information on the gory details if you are interested. Fortunately, there is a relatively easy way to work around this. | ||
== LXD Setup == | |||
Please follow the steps in [[LXD]], and set up {{f|/etc/subuid}}, {{f|/etc/subgid}}, and{{f|/etc/security/limits.conf}} as described in our official setup. | |||
== Using an Unmanaged Bridge == | == Using an Unmanaged Bridge == | ||
Line 29: | Line 33: | ||
== Cleaning Up the Mess == | == Cleaning Up the Mess == | ||
''' | When you configured LXD, you probably told LXD to create a bridge for you. We want to get rid of this bridge if it exists. We also want LXD to see our new bridge. First, let's get LXD to see our new bridge. The best way for LXD to see our bridge is to restart it: | ||
{{console|body= | |||
# ##i##/etc/init.d/lxd restart | |||
}} | |||
Now, LXD should display your bridge: | |||
{{console|body= | |||
# ##i##lxc network list | |||
+--------+----------+---------+------+------+-------------+---------+ | |||
| NAME | TYPE | MANAGED | IPV4 | IPV6 | DESCRIPTION | USED BY | | |||
+--------+----------+---------+------+------+-------------+---------+ | |||
| brwan | bridge | NO | | | | 0 | | |||
+--------+----------+---------+------+------+-------------+---------+ | |||
| lxdbr0 | bridge | YES | | | | 1 | | |||
+--------+----------+---------+------+------+-------------+---------+ | |||
| eth0 | physical | NO | | | | 0 | | |||
+--------+----------+---------+------+------+-------------+---------+ | |||
| wlan0 | physical | NO | | | | 0 | | |||
+--------+----------+---------+------+------+-------------+---------+ | |||
}} | |||
Great! LXD is now seeing our bridge. But we have a problem -- there is still the {{c|lxdbr0}} managed bridge that LXD created. LXD will continually mess with the default route on this bridge and it will mess up your WiFi connection. So we need to completely remove it from the LXD configuration. | |||
To do this, first delete any containers that are using this bridge. | |||
Then run the following command and modify the reference to {{c|lxdbr0}} to instead refer to our new bridge, {{c|brwan}}: | |||
{{console|body= | |||
# ##i##lxc profile edit default | |||
}} | |||
This changes the default settings for any new containers so that they will use our new bridge. Now typing {{c|lxc network list}} should show nothing is referencing {{c|lxdbr0}} so you should now be able to delete it: | |||
{{console|body= | |||
# ##i##lxc network delete lxdbr0 | |||
}} | |||
I recommend that at this point you reboot your system to make sure any routes referring to the old bridge that were inserted by LXD are cleaned out. | |||
== Container and Internet == | |||
We now have working setup, but your containers will not be able to access the Internet yet. Let's get a Funtoo-in-Funtoo environment set up: | |||
{{console|body= | |||
# ##i##wget https://build.funtoo.org/1.4-release-std/x86-64bit/intel64-skylake/2021-05-05/lxd-intel64-skylake-1.4-release-std-2021-05-05.tar.xz | |||
# ##i##lxc image import lxd-intel64-skylake-1.4-release-std-2021-05-05.tar.xz --alias funtoo | |||
# ##i##lxc launch funtoo test-image | |||
}} | |||
Now, let's enter the test image: | |||
{{console|body= | |||
# ##i##lxc exec test-image -- /bin/bash | |||
%test-image% ##i##cd /etc/conf.d | |||
%test-image% ##i##nano netif.eth0 | |||
}} | |||
In the container network configuration, put the following information: | |||
{{file|name=/etc/conf.d/netif.eth0 | |||
template='interface' | |||
ipaddrs='10.0.30.2/24' | |||
gateway='10.0.30.1' | |||
nameservers='1.1.1.1 1.0.0.1' | |||
}} | |||
We are setting the container's IP address to 10.0.30.2. We're setting it's gateway to 10.0.30.1, which is the IP address of the bridge on our laptop. We are using Cloudflare for DNS. | |||
Now, let's start this network: | |||
{{console|body= | |||
%test-image% ##cd /etc/init.d | |||
%test-image% ln -s netif.tmpl netif.eth0 | |||
%test-image% rc-update add netif.eth0 default | |||
%test-image% rc | |||
}} | |||
You should now be able to ping the gateway, the laptop bridge: | |||
{{console|body= | |||
%test-image% ping 10.0.30.1 | |||
PING 10.0.30.1 (10.0.30.1) 56(84) bytes of data. | |||
64 bytes from 10.0.30.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.120 ms | |||
64 bytes from 10.0.30.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.092 ms | |||
}} | |||
So this part is working, but you won't be able to ping anything on the Internet -- yet. But make note -- this is the network configuration you will repeat for all your containers -- be sure to use different IP addresses for each container :) | |||
== IP Masquerade == | |||
We'll now set up IP Masquerading so that your laptop will use your active WiFi connection to provide Internet access to your containers. |
Revision as of 20:50, May 28, 2021
When using LXD on a laptop, having LXD manage a bridge will cause a conflict with the default route on your system which is managed by NetworkManager. This will result in your Internet connection failing. See https://bugs.funtoo.org/browse/FL-8295 for more information on the gory details if you are interested. Fortunately, there is a relatively easy way to work around this.
LXD Setup
Please follow the steps in LXD, and set up /etc/subuid
, /etc/subgid
, and/etc/security/limits.conf
as described in our official setup.
Using an Unmanaged Bridge
LXD can be really useful to use on a laptop, because you can spin up containers locally for development. A bit of manual setup is required but once set up, this configuration should give your containers Internet access regardless of what particular WiFi network you are connected to.
To do this, we are going to set up an unmanaged bridge using Funtoo networking, rather than have LXD create a managed bridge for us.
Create the following file on your laptop:
/etc/conf.d/netif.brwan
template="bridge"
ipaddrs="10.0.30.1/24"
This will set up a 10.0.30.0/24 network and we are setting up your laptop to be the gateway for this network. We will get the containers to the Internet by connecting your containers to this bridge, and giving them an IP address in the 10.0.30.2 thru 10.0.30.254 range.
Now, let's enable this bridge:
root # cd /etc/init.d root # ln -s netif.tmpl netif.brwan root # rc-update add brwan default root # rc
The bridge is now set up.
Cleaning Up the Mess
When you configured LXD, you probably told LXD to create a bridge for you. We want to get rid of this bridge if it exists. We also want LXD to see our new bridge. First, let's get LXD to see our new bridge. The best way for LXD to see our bridge is to restart it:
root # /etc/init.d/lxd restart
Now, LXD should display your bridge:
root # lxc network list +--------+----------+---------+------+------+-------------+---------+
Great! LXD is now seeing our bridge. But we have a problem -- there is still the lxdbr0
managed bridge that LXD created. LXD will continually mess with the default route on this bridge and it will mess up your WiFi connection. So we need to completely remove it from the LXD configuration.
To do this, first delete any containers that are using this bridge.
Then run the following command and modify the reference to lxdbr0
to instead refer to our new bridge, brwan
:
root # lxc profile edit default
This changes the default settings for any new containers so that they will use our new bridge. Now typing lxc network list
should show nothing is referencing lxdbr0
so you should now be able to delete it:
root # lxc network delete lxdbr0
I recommend that at this point you reboot your system to make sure any routes referring to the old bridge that were inserted by LXD are cleaned out.
Container and Internet
We now have working setup, but your containers will not be able to access the Internet yet. Let's get a Funtoo-in-Funtoo environment set up:
root # wget https://build.funtoo.org/1.4-release-std/x86-64bit/intel64-skylake/2021-05-05/lxd-intel64-skylake-1.4-release-std-2021-05-05.tar.xz root # lxc image import lxd-intel64-skylake-1.4-release-std-2021-05-05.tar.xz --alias funtoo root # lxc launch funtoo test-image
Now, let's enter the test image:
root # lxc exec test-image -- /bin/bash test-image # cd /etc/conf.d test-image # nano netif.eth0
In the container network configuration, put the following information:
/etc/conf.d/netif.eth0
template='interface'
ipaddrs='10.0.30.2/24'
gateway='10.0.30.1'
nameservers='1.1.1.1 1.0.0.1'
{{{body}}}
We are setting the container's IP address to 10.0.30.2. We're setting it's gateway to 10.0.30.1, which is the IP address of the bridge on our laptop. We are using Cloudflare for DNS.
Now, let's start this network:
test-image # ##cd /etc/init.d test-image # ln -s netif.tmpl netif.eth0 test-image # rc-update add netif.eth0 default test-image # rc
You should now be able to ping the gateway, the laptop bridge:
test-image # ping 10.0.30.1 PING 10.0.30.1 (10.0.30.1) 56(84) bytes of data. 64 bytes from 10.0.30.1: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.120 ms 64 bytes from 10.0.30.1: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.092 ms
So this part is working, but you won't be able to ping anything on the Internet -- yet. But make note -- this is the network configuration you will repeat for all your containers -- be sure to use different IP addresses for each container :)
IP Masquerade
We'll now set up IP Masquerading so that your laptop will use your active WiFi connection to provide Internet access to your containers.