Funtoo Profiles/es

Esta página cubre sistema de perfiles de Funtoo -- como trabaja, que perfiles están disponibles, y como usar epro para definir y cambiar configuraciones de perfiles.

Tipos de perfiles

Historicamente, los usuarios han tenido que agregar un gran número de ajustes a /etc/make.conf para personalizar su sistema Linux ya sea Gentoo o Funtoo. En Gentoo Linux, solo es posible definir definir un "Perfil de sistema". Piense en un perfil de sistema como la configuración predeterminada que Portage utiliza para la construcción de todo en su sistema. En lugar de un único perfil, Funtoo linux usa múltiples sub-perfiles, y mueve muchos tipos de ajustes que son normalmente almacenados en /etc/make.conf en el perfil de sistema. Los siguientes tipos de perfiles están disponibles en Funtoo linux:

Sub-Profile Type	Description
arch	Tipicamente x86-32bit o x86-64bit, Define el tipo de procesador y el soporte de tu sistema. Este es definido cuando tu stage fue construido y no debería se cambiado.
build	Define si tu sistema se construye de current, stable o experimental. Con current el sistema tendría nuevos paquetes liberados (unmasked) que sistemas con la rama stable. Este es definido cuando tu escenario está construido y tipicamente no es cambiado.
subarch	Define optimizaciones de CPU en tu sistema. La subarquitecura es definida en el tiempo que el tercer escenario es construido, pero puede ser cambiado después para mejorar los ajustes de ser necesario. Asegúrese de elegir una configuración que sea compatible con su CPU.
flavor	Define el tipo general del sistema, como server o desktop, y ajustaría los parámetros USE apropiados para tus necesidades.
mix-ins	Define varios ajustes opcionales que te puede interesar habilitar.

   Note

Los sabores pueden (y a menudo lo hacen) heredar ajustes desde otros sabores y mix-ins. Mix-ins pueden también heredar configuraciones desde otros mix-ins. Por ejemplo, X is heredado por gnome. La herramienta epro mostrará ambos como habilitados para que no hayan sorpresas.

Usando epro

epro show mostrará el actual perfil de ajustes en su sistema:

root #  epro show

=== Enabled Profiles: ===

        arch:  x86-64bit
       build:  current
     subarch:  intel64-haswell
      flavor:  desktop
     mix-ins:  gnome


=== All inherited flavors from desktop flavor: ===

                     workstation (from desktop flavor)
                            core (from workstation flavor)
                         minimal (from core flavor)

=== All inherited mix-ins from desktop flavor: ===

                               X (from workstation flavor)
                           audio (from workstation flavor)
                             dvd (from workstation flavor)
                           media (from workstation flavor)
      mediadevice-audio-consumer (from media mix-in)
                mediadevice-base (from mediadevice-audio-consumer mix-in)
      mediadevice-video-consumer (from media mix-in)
                mediadevice-base (from mediadevice-video-consumer mix-in)
        mediaformat-audio-common (from media mix-in)
          mediaformat-gfx-common (from media mix-in)
        mediaformat-video-common (from media mix-in)
                  console-extras (from workstation flavor)
                           print (from desktop flavor)

Para ver todos los ajustes de sub-profile disponibles, use epro list:

root #  epro list

Perfiles habilitados estarán resultados en cian. Perfiles habilitados directamente estarán en negrita y tendrán un asterisco * adjuntado. Sub-profiles habilitados via herencia estarán resaltados.

Ejemplos de uso

Agrega el mix-ins gnome y kde	root # epro mix-ins +gnome +kde
Remueve un mix-in, por ejemplo gnome	root # epro mix-ins -gnome
Cambia el perfil de arquitectura a x86-64bit	root # epro arch x86-64bit
Cambia la subarquitectua a generic_64	root # epro subarch generic_64
Cambia el sabor del sistema	root # epro flavor desktop
Obten la salida de los ajustes del perfil en JSON	root # epro show-json
Obten ajustes actuales de sub-profile en formato texto	root # epro get [profiletype]

Sabores

A system can have only one flavor profile enabled at a time. The following flavors are available:

Flavor	Description
minimal	This contains the bare minimum settings for all Funtoo Linux flavors.
core	The core flavor includes the minimal flavor, plus reasonable settings, and is used for the official stage3 downloads.
server	In the future, the server flavor will include the core flavor, plus specific settings designed for servers. At the moment, it is equivalent to the core flavor.
workstation	The workstation flavor is a minimal desktop system. It includes the core flavor, plus these mix-ins: X, audio, dvd, media and console-extras.
desktop	The desktop flavor includes the common settings for any full-featured desktop system. It includes the workstation flavor plus printing support. The user is expected to further customize their system with a desktop environment of choice, such as KDE, GNOME, or XFCE, possibly by using a mix-in.

Mix-ins

A system can have any number of mix-ins enabled at a time. The following mix-ins are available:

Mix-in	Description
audio	Enables core audio-related settings, currently related to ALSA.
console-extras	Enables things that are nice to have for console-only systems. Currently enabling gpm in USE.
dvd	USE settings related to optical drives -- CDR/DVD-ROM/RW use.
gnome	USE and package.use settings required to merge GNOME. Designed to be used with desktop or workstation flavor.
hardened	Enables hardened support.
kde	USE and package.use settings required to merge KDE. Designed to be used with desktop or workstation flavor.
media	USE settings related to audio/video media encoding. Can be for desktops or servers.
print	Enables printing capability.
vmware-guest	Settings related to using Funtoo Linux as a VMWare virtual machine guest.
X	Settings related to the X Window System and hardware support.
xfce	USE settings required for merging XFCE.

Media Device Mix-ins

Media device mix-ins have been created to support media devices, including external and portable devices, and associated low-level hardware support and hardware-focused codecs. Media devices have been categorized into audio and video categories, and consumer and professional categories. "Consumer" devices are those devices that regular desktop users might typically use, while "professional" devices are those that professionals, hobbyists or enthusiasts would typically use. Here are the new mix-ins for media devices:

Media Device Mix-in	Description
mediadevice-base	Common, universally-supported media devices, like IEEE-1394 (Firewire), CDDA, CDIO. Other mediadevice mix-ins have this as a parent.
mediadevice-audio-consumer	Consumer audio devices, such as personal portable media players (iOS, iPod, etc.)
mediadevice-audio-pro	Pro audio support, such as JACK.
mediadevice-video-consumer	Consumer video support, such as DVD, Blu Ray, V4L
mediadevice-video-pro	Pro video support, such as dv, dc1394.

Media Format Mix-ins

Media format mix-ins have been created to support media formats for reading, writing, encoding and decoding images, audio and video. They have been organized into a "common" collection, for popular formats, and an "extra" collection, which is intended to include "everything else". Let's look at the new mix-ins:

Media Format Mix-in	Description
mediaformat-video-common	Common (ie. popular) video formats.
mediaformat-video-extra	More esoteric video formats.
mediaformat-audio-common	Common (ie. popular) audio formats.
mediaformat-audio-extra	More esoteric audio formats.
mediaformat-gfx-common	Common (ie. popular) graphics formats.
mediaformat-gfx-extra	More esoteric graphics formats.

How to Use Media Mix-Ins

Our existing media mix-in still exists, and is still pulled in by the desktop and workstation flavors automatically. It now includes the following parent mix-ins:

• mediadevice-audio-consumer
• mediadevice-video-consumer
• mediaformat-audio-common
• mediaformat-gfx-common
• mediaformat-video-common

In addition, there is a new media-pro mix-in which needs to be enabled manually, which pulls in the following mix-ins:

• mediadevice-audio-pro
• mediadevice-video-pro

So typically, you would enable the desktop or workstation flavor, and if you need professional hardware support, you'd also enable the media-pro mix-in. If you needed any additional media formats support, you could enable one or more of the mediaformat-*-extra mix-ins to add the formats you needed. Of course, it's possible to enable only the specific mix-ins you need, and also complement these mix-ins with specific USE variable settings you might require.

How Profile Settings are Stored

Funtoo Linux stores its profile settings in the /etc/portage/make.profile/parent file. Typically, users don't need to modify this file, instead using ego and epro to make changes, but it can be handy to take a look at what the contents of the file look like. A simple server might have profile settings as follows:

   /etc/portage/make.profile/parent

gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/arch/x86-64bit
gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/build/current
gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/flavor/core

Profile settings for a desktop might look like this:

   /etc/portage/make.profile/parent

gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/arch/x86-64bit
gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/build/current
gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/flavor/desktop
gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/dvd
gentoo:funtoo/1.0/linux-gnu/mix-ins/media

History and Origins

This new system is really a completion of the original cascading profile design that was co-designed by Daniel Robbins and Seemant Kulleen and implemented by Seemant Kulleen as part of Portage. Funtoo Profiles designed to leverage the existing cascading profile system and provide something much more useable and maintainable for users and developers alike. Here are some of its benefits:

• Fewer settings in /etc/make.conf. CHOST and ARCH no longer set in /etc/make.conf.
• Separation of concerns -- arch, build, and flavor-related settings are organized together.
• User flexibility - any number of mix-ins can be enabled to tweak masks or USE settings as needed.

   Note

See Custom Profiles for information on how to extend the profile system.