Install/Network/pt-br

Guia de Instalação: Rede

Install Guide, Chapter 15

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É importante garantir que você será capaz de se conectar à sua rede local depois de reinicializar o Funtoo Linux. Existem três abordagens que você pode usar para configurar sua rede: NetworkManager, dhcpcd e os scripts de rede Funtoo Linux Networking. Veja como escolher qual deles usar com base no tipo de rede que você deseja configurar.

Wi-Fi

Para sistemas portáteis e móveis, onde você usará Wi-Fi em "roaming" e fará conexões a diferentes redes, o pacote NetworkManager é altamente recomendado. Como quase todos os cartões Wi-Fi exigem um firmware para operar, é recomendável que você instale o pacote 'linux-firmware.

(chroot) # emerge linux-firmware networkmanager

Dependendo da sua arquitetura, você poderá ver uma mensagem semelhante à seguinte:

The following USE changes are necessary to proceed
...

Isso significa que seus sinalizadores em USE precisam ser atualizados para permitir essa instalação. Por enquanto, você pode deixar o portage manipular isso para você adicionando a sinalização --autounmask-write:

(chroot) # emerge linux-firmware networkmanager --autounmask-write

A seguir, atualize os arquivos de configuração:

(chroot) # dispatch-conf

Aceite a nova configuração pressionando u. Então, você pode continuar a instalar o NetworkManager:

(chroot) # emerge linux-firmware networkmanager
(chroot) # rc-update add NetworkManager default

The above command will ensure that NetworkManager starts after you boot into Funtoo Linux. Once you've completed these installation steps and have booted into Funtoo Linux, you can use the nmtui command (which has an easy-to-use console-based interface) to configure NetworkManager so that it will connect (and automatically reconnect, after reboot) to a Wi-Fi access point:

root # nmtui

For more information about NetworkManager, see the NetworkManager package page.

   Note

wpa_supplicant is also a good choice for wireless network connections. See the net-wireless/wpa_supplicant package for steps involved in setting up wpa_supplicant.

Desktop (Wired DHCP)

For a home desktop or workstation with wired Ethernet that will use DHCP, the simplest and most effective option to enable network connectivity is to simply add dhcpcd to the default runlevel:

(chroot) # rc-update add dhcpcd default

When you reboot, dhcpcd will run in the background and manage all network interfaces and use DHCP to acquire network addresses from a DHCP server.

If your upstream DHCP server is dnsmasq, it can be configured to assign addresses via mac address to make servers on DHCP feasible.

Server (Static IP)

For servers, the Funtoo Linux Networking scripts are recommended. They are optimized for static configurations and things like virtual ethernet bridging for virtualization setups. See Funtoo Linux Networking for information on how to use Funtoo Linux's template-based network configuration system.

Hostname

By default Funtoo uses "localhost" as hostname. Although the system will work perfectly fine using this name, some ebuilds refuse to install when detecting localhost as hostname. It also may create confusion if several systems use the same hostname. Therefore, it is advised to change it to a more meaningful name. The hostname itself is arbitrary, meaning you can choose almost any combination of characters, as long as it makes sense to the system administrator. To change the hostname, edit

(chroot) # nano /etc/conf.d/hostname

Look for the line starting with hostname and change the entry between the quotes. Save the file, on the next boot Funtoo will use the new hostname.

   Warning

Do not use special characters in the hostname, as the shell may interpret these, leading to unpredictable results. Use the Latin alphabet: a-z, A-Z, 0-9

   Tip

Use short hostnames (up to 8 or 10 characters) to prevent the terminal screen being filled with the hostname, leaving little space for the command itself. This become particularly poignant when coding long command strings in various programming languages like Bash, Python, SQL and Perl