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{{InstallNavigation|num=2|prev=Download LiveCD|next=MBR Partitioning}}</noinclude>
{{InstallNavigation|num=2|prev=Download LiveCD|next=MBR Partitioning}}</noinclude>


In this section, you will need to choose a disk format to use for booting and partitioning -- either MBR or UEFI/GPT. If you are not familiar with the differences between these options, please review our [[Install/Disk Formats|Disk Formats]] page for an overview of each option and the trade-offs. Generally, it's usually safe to pick the legacy MBR method for system disks under 2TB in size and most modern PC systems support MBR as well as UEFI booting.
<div class="mw-translate-fuzzy">
在本节中，需要选择一种用于启动和分区的磁盘格式—— MBR 或 UEFI/GPT。如果你不熟悉这些选项之间的差异，请查看我们的[[Install/Disk Formats|磁盘格式]]页面，了解每个选项的概述和权衡。一般来说，对于 2TB 以下的系统盘，选择传统的 MBR 方法通常是安全的，而且大多数现代 PC 系统既支持 MBR 也支持 UEFI 启动。
</div>


==== But First... ====
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
MBR is the traditional way of booting a PC. It works by installing executable code on the boot sector of your hard drive, which starts the boot process. When you use MBR to boot, you must have BIOS booting enabled in your BIOS, use traditional MBR partitions on your disk which are created using the {{c|fdisk}} tool.
</div>


Before doing anything to your disks, make sure you are partitioning the right one. Use the {{c|lsblk}} command to view a list of all block devices on your system, as well as partitions on these block devices:
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
UEFI is the more modern way to boot a PC. It works using a boot loader that is built into your computer. Boot entries are created and stored in your computer's non-volatile memory. When you use UEFI to boot, you must have UEFI enabled in your BIOS, and use more modern GPT partitions which are created using the {{c|gdisk}} tool.
</div>
 
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Generally, it's usually safe to pick the legacy MBR method for system disks under 2TB in size and most modern PC systems support MBR as well as UEFI booting.
</div>
 
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{note|For more information on differences between MBR and UEFI, see our [[Install/Disk Formats|Disk Formats]] page for an overview of each option and the trade-offs.}}
</div>
 
==== 但首先...... ====
 
在对磁盘进行任何操作之前，请确保你的分区是正确的。使用 {{c|lsblk}} 命令查看系统中所有块设备的列表，以及这些块设备上的分区：


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<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
{{Note|If you're not sure which disks are which, you can use {{c|lsblk -o MODEL,NAME,SIZE}} to show the device models matching the {{c|/dev/sd?}} names.}}
{{Note|If you're not sure which disks are which, you can use {{c|lsblk -o MODEL,NAME,SIZE}} to show the device models matching the {{c|/dev/sd?}} names.}}
</div>


Make sure you will not be overwriting any important data and that you have chosen the correct {{c|/dev/sd?}} device. Above, you can see that SATA disk {{c|sda}} contains three partitions, {{c|sda1}}, {{c|sda2}} and {{c|sda3}}, and that {{c|sda3}} contains LVM volumes. If you are using an NVME disk, then you may see {{c|nvme0n1}} as your disk, and your partitions (if any exist yet) will be named {{c|nvme0n1p1}}, {{c|nvme0n1p2}}, etc. If you are installing on microSD Card for Raspberry Pi, your disk will likely be {{c|mmcblk0}} and partitions will have suffixes {{c|p1}}, {{c|p2}}, etc.  
<div lang="en" dir="ltr" class="mw-content-ltr">
Make sure you will not be overwriting any important data and that you have chosen the correct {{c|/dev/sd?}} device. Above, you can see that SATA disk {{c|sda}} contains three partitions, {{c|sda1}}, {{c|sda2}} and {{c|sda3}}, and that {{c|sda3}} contains LVM volumes. If you are using an NVME disk, then you may see {{c|nvme0n1}} as your disk, and your partitions (if any exist yet) will be named {{c|nvme0n1p1}}, {{c|nvme0n1p2}}, etc. If you are installing on microSD Card for Raspberry Pi, your disk will likely be {{c|mmcblk0}} and partitions will have suffixes {{c|p1}}, {{c|p2}}, etc.
</div>


Once you've double-checked your target block device and made sure you'll be partitioning the correct disk, proceed to the next step.
一旦你仔细检查了目标块设备，并确定将会对磁盘进行正确的分区，就继续下一步。
<noinclude>{{InstallNavigation|num=2|prev=Download LiveCD|next=MBR Partitioning|align=right}}</noinclude>
<noinclude>{{InstallNavigation|num=2|prev=Download LiveCD|next=MBR Partitioning|align=right}}</noinclude>

Latest revision as of 16:31, March 21, 2024

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安装指南：准备磁盘

Install Guide, Chapter 2 < Prev Next >

在本节中，需要选择一种用于启动和分区的磁盘格式—— MBR 或 UEFI/GPT。如果你不熟悉这些选项之间的差异，请查看我们的磁盘格式页面，了解每个选项的概述和权衡。一般来说，对于 2TB 以下的系统盘，选择传统的 MBR 方法通常是安全的，而且大多数现代 PC 系统既支持 MBR 也支持 UEFI 启动。

MBR is the traditional way of booting a PC. It works by installing executable code on the boot sector of your hard drive, which starts the boot process. When you use MBR to boot, you must have BIOS booting enabled in your BIOS, use traditional MBR partitions on your disk which are created using the fdisk tool.

UEFI is the more modern way to boot a PC. It works using a boot loader that is built into your computer. Boot entries are created and stored in your computer's non-volatile memory. When you use UEFI to boot, you must have UEFI enabled in your BIOS, and use more modern GPT partitions which are created using the gdisk tool.

Generally, it's usually safe to pick the legacy MBR method for system disks under 2TB in size and most modern PC systems support MBR as well as UEFI booting.

   Note

For more information on differences between MBR and UEFI, see our Disk Formats page for an overview of each option and the trade-offs.

但首先......

在对磁盘进行任何操作之前，请确保你的分区是正确的。使用 lsblk 命令查看系统中所有块设备的列表，以及这些块设备上的分区： 

root # lsblk
NAME          MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda             8:0    0  1.8T  0 disk 
├─sda1          8:1    0  512M  0 part 
├─sda2          8:2    0    8G  0 part [SWAP]
└─sda3          8:3    0  1.8T  0 part 
  ├─main-root 254:0    0  500G  0 lvm  /
  └─main-data 254:1    0  1.3T  0 lvm  /home
   Note

If you're not sure which disks are which, you can use lsblk -o MODEL,NAME,SIZE to show the device models matching the /dev/sd? names.

Make sure you will not be overwriting any important data and that you have chosen the correct /dev/sd? device. Above, you can see that SATA disk sda contains three partitions, sda1, sda2 and sda3, and that sda3 contains LVM volumes. If you are using an NVME disk, then you may see nvme0n1 as your disk, and your partitions (if any exist yet) will be named nvme0n1p1, nvme0n1p2, etc. If you are installing on microSD Card for Raspberry Pi, your disk will likely be mmcblk0 and partitions will have suffixes p1, p2, etc.

一旦你仔细检查了目标块设备，并确定将会对磁盘进行正确的分区，就继续下一步。

Install Guide, Chapter 2 < Prev Next >
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